Week 5 (cause & effect)

Question 1

Reason

There are several reasons why S + V (problem)

There are several reasons for something (problem)

Cause

Question 2

Factors

Several factors are to blame for something (problem)

There are a number of factors leading to something (problem)

Cause

Question 3

Contributors

There are several leading contributors to something (problem)

Cause

Question 4

To be responsible for

Cause

Answer 4

Something is responsible for the problem.

Question 5

To be considered as a key factor/contributor leading to

Cause

Answer 5

Something is considered as a key factor/contributor leading to the problem

Question 6

To be attributed to

Answer 6

The problem is attributed to something

Cause

Question 7

Primary reasons/causes
Main reasons/causes
Major reasons/causes/factors/contributors

Answer 7

nguyên nhân chính

Question 8

Compelling reasons

Answer 8

nguyên nhân rất thuyết phục

Question 9

Key factors/contributors

Answer 9

nhân tố chủ chốt

Question 10

Leading factors/contributors

Answer 10

nhân tố quyết định

Question 11

Effect

Have an effect on something/someone

effect

Answer 11

Poor air quality has adverse effects on human health.

Question 12

impact

Have an impact on something/someone

effect

Answer 12

Poor air quality has a damaging impact on human health.

Question 13

Influence

InfHave an influence on something/someone

effect

Answer 13

Poor air quality has a negative influence on human health.

Question 14

Good effect

Positive effect

Beneficial effect

Useful effect

Answer 14

Ảnh hưởng tích cực

Question 15

Bad effect

Negative effect

Damaging effect

Detrimental effect

Adverse effect

Answer 15

Ảnh hưởng tiêu cực

Question 16

Because of this

Bởi vì

Answer 16

Some lives will probably be lost because of this hurricane, but if their souls are lost for eternity, that is the real disaster.

Question 17

Resulting in

một tình huống cụ thể nào đó xảy ra dẫn đến kết quả gì.

Answer 17

The reorganization of the company resulted in a few employees losing their jobs.

Question 18

As a result

bởi vì/ kết quả là

Answer 18

He had stayed in the rain too long. As a result, he got sick

Question 19

Hence (adv)

từ đây

Answer 19

that is the reason or explanation for
1/The prime minister was attending the conference, hence all the extra security
2/His mother was Italian, hence his name - Luca
3/Peter’s leaving at the end of this week - hence his anxiety to get his work finished.

từ đây, kể từ đây, nên

Question 20

Thus (adv)

Answer 20

with this result
1/We haven’t had any problems thus far
2/Exercise made us more hungry and thus our food supplies ran out.
3/They planned to reduce staff and thus to cut costs.

như thế, như vậy