Week 5-7, 13-14 Flashcards
Whats the capital city of Lebanon
Beirut
Does Beirut offer good maternity care
Yes
Are pregnant Lebanese Muslim women required to fast during Ramadan
No, they are exempt and typically sustain a healthy nutritional diet
Labour and Birth in Lebanon
Why would a women’s support person be reciting verses of the Qur’an
its done during labour to help ease the woman’s discomfort
Antenatal care in Lebanon
Antenatal care is usually provided by…
an obstetrician in a surgery. Women typically see their care provider once or twice during pregnancy unless there’s complications
Midwifery care antenatally is rare
What are the practices done with the birth of the baby in Lebanese culture
Shortly following the birth, the father is required to:
- Addin (call to prayer) softly in the baby’s ear.
- Preferably before the first feed, a small piece of softened date be rubbed on the newborns palate
What are the practices done postnatally in Lebanese culture
- remain indoors 40days
- woman cared for mother, sister, mother in law
- abstain from sex for 40days
- naming infant
- shaving hair 7days post birth
- male circumcision
Define: female genital mutilation
FGM comprises all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the female external genitalia and/or injury to the female genital organs for cultural or any othernon-therapeutic reasons
When was the term FGM adopted
1990
1991- WHO recommended United Nations adopt this term
What are the Global estimates of FGM
- 100-140 million women and girls worldwide undergone the procedure
- 6,000 girls every day
- One girl every 5 mins
What country has the highest number of females that have undergone FGM
1st-Egypt
2nd- Ethyopia
3rd- Nigeria
What are some of the reasons behind FGM
Tradition Religion Social cohesion Economics Psychosexual Aesthetics and hygiene
What laws protect against FGM in Australia
Crimes (Female Genital Mutilation) Act1995 No 58 Section 45.
What is birthing on country (Aboriginal)
Is the sacred practice of Aboriginal women giving birth directly on the land in their community, not in hospitals, supported by their kin.
Why is birthing on country important?
it’s a sacred and ho;y experience for Aboriginal women
What is Kinship
Kinship defines their social and familial network, as well as defines their roles and responsibilities within this community.
How do you think Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women with high risk pregnancies could be better supported?
- By providing more access to special clinics for high-risk women within the communities,
- not shipping them out to another hospital away from their community and family members.
- Employ aboriginal women/elders as midwives/ midwifery aids to facilitate culturally safe births
What are common Lebanese Muslim customs and traditions related to birth and the post-partum period?
BIRTH
- Children are born pure
- Call to prayer is performed immediately after birth by whispering in baby’s right ear by the father
- Shaving the infants head and rubbing saffron into baby’s forehead. Hair is weighed and its value in $ is donated. Was also done for cleanliness
- Circumcision is an act of cleanliness and is also symbolic of Abraham’s lasting covenant (to god). For modern day is cleanliness
- Rubbing a date inside the babies mouth
POSTPARTUM
- Naming children- typically linked to god’s servant’s attributes
- Community would be invited to a ceremony, recite the quran
Define: Grief
the emotional process that occurs for the loss of a loved one
Define: Bereavement
the loss of something or someone special
Define: Mourning
the expression of grief in one’s culture
What are Kunler-Ross’s 5 stages of Grief
- Denial
- Anger
- Bargaining
- Depression
- Acceptance
What are the cultural implications for grief in nursing and midwifery
- demonstrating cultural sensitivity
- seeking support service for the grieving family to assist with funeral arrangements, customs and traditions
- Accommodating family requests when there has been a death
Maintaining an element of “what” was important to some women, particularly during labour and when female staff were not available
privacy
A large number of women reported cultural preferences and needs related to burial of their…
placenta
Traditional Aboriginal midwives do what to guide the baby during labour.
Sing the baby through the birth canal
True or False
There is no correct way or time to grieve
True
True or False
There is no distinct difference between grief, bereavement and mourning
False
True or False
The grief process does not begin until after the death of a loved one
False
Parents of a deceased neonate may request to what..
cuddle their baby for an extended length of time
What are 5 traditional practices in relation to mourning that vary between cultures
Funerals Burial Expression on grief Time of Mourning Help-seeking behaviour
How long approximately have the ATSI been living in Australia
at least 40 000 years and possibly up to 60 000 years
Who make up the rest of the Australian population after ASTI people
these are migrants or decendants of migrants who arrived in Australia since the first settlement from approx 200 countries
What are some reasons why people would have migrated to Australia
- reuniting with family
- escape poverty or war
What is the largest and second largest ethnic ancestral group that Australians identify with?
Largest- the English- which makes up about 36% of the population
2nd Largest- Australian- making up about 35% of the population
What are the top 10 ethnic groups that make up Australia
- UK
- New Zealand
- China
- India
- Philippines
- Vietnam
- Italy
- South Africa
- Malaysia
- Germany
What factors are considered important for the health of migrant individuals
- Pre-migration: fleeing, seeking asylum, political instability, abuse
- The process of resettlement: stress of migration, unemployment, lack of acceptance, financial stress
- Response to the stressors of the dominant culture
Define: Institutional racism
Systemic racism within the legal, education and health systems
You are a nurse working at an Aboriginal health service. you notice few people are attending the service. As a culturally competent nurse, you would….
Reach out to local elders and members of liaison groups you have already developed relationships with and how to improve the service
True or False
Assimilation and integration policies meant that Aboriginal children were given more opportunities to succeed by receiving an eeducation
False
The trauma felt by members of the stolen generation is passed down through the generations because of….
the ripple effect
Assimilation policies meant that Aboriginal children were made wards of the state and institutionalised up until what year?
The 1960’s
Aboriginal people were first included in the national census after what Referendum
1967 Referendum
A nurse can use silence by….
giving the patient extra time to answer, in case they want to add more information
True or False
Segregation was considered a temporary measure to be used until Aboriginal people died out
False
True or False
Culture is the reason why all people in a particular group think, behave and interact in the same way
True
based on the institutions perspective
Define: Intersex
ambiguous genitalia/ general term used for a variety of conditions in which a person is born with a reproductive or sexual anatomy that doesn’t seem to fit the typical definitions of female or male
Define: Asexual
without sexual feelings or associations
Define: Gender Fluidity
having an overlap of, or indefinite lines between, gender identity; having two or more genders (being bigender, trigender, or pangender); having no gender (being agender, nongendered, genderless, genderfree or neutrois); moving between genders or having a fluctuating gender identity
Define: Cisgender
denoting or relating to a person whose sense of personal identity and gender corresponds with their birth sex
Define: Sexual Fluidity
is one or more changes in sexuality or sexual identity (sometimes known as sexual orientation identity)
Define: Pansexual
an attraction to an individual not a gender /not limited in sexual choice with regard to biological sex, gender, or gender identity
Define: Heterosexism
discrimination or prejudice against homosexuals on the assumption that heterosexuality is the normal sexual orientation
Define: Transphobia
dislike of or prejudice against transsexual or transgender people
Define: Transgender
denoting or relating to a person whose sense of personal identity and gender does not correspond with their birth sex
