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November 2024 Biomechanics > Week 5 > Flashcards

Week 5 Flashcards

Assessments

1
Q

With passive tests, its important for the client to be what?

A

Relaxed

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2
Q

What is the Squat Assessment Testing for?

A

Nutation of the Sacrum
Pelvic IR

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3
Q

When is a test over?

A

As soon as you see a deviation

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4
Q

What is the ideal test result of the Squat Assessment?

A

Ass to Grass

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5
Q

When is the Squat Assessment over?

A

Butt-wink occurs
Heels come up off of floor
Balance is lost
Significant Hip Shift

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6
Q

What is the Obers Test testing?

A

Nutation of the Sacrum
Pelvic IR
Neutrality of Pelvis
(can the hip properly extend)

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7
Q

What is the ideal test result of the Obers Test

A

Knee dropping to the table

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8
Q

When is the Ober’s Test over?

A

Back extends
Significant restriction is felt
Femur wants to pull forward

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9
Q

What does it mean if someone can only 60° or less of hip flexion in the Squat Assessment?

A

They can’t access nutation/IR mechanics or is stuck in Anterior Orientation

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10
Q

What does it mean if someone can access 60-100° of Hip Flexion in the Squat Assessment?

A

Client able to nutate and IR, can’t re-counternutate sacrum to move beyond 100°

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11
Q

What does it mean if someone can access 110+° of hip flexion in the Squat Assessment?

A

Client can properly move back into counternutation of the sacrum

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12
Q

Ober’s Test - What does it mean if someones Back Arches during the test?

A

Client is missing Hip Extension

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13
Q

Obers test - What does it mean if someone’s knee lowers Halfway to the Table?

A

Client Missing Internal Rotation

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14
Q

Ober’s Test - What does it mean if someones knee can lower all the way to the table?

A

Client has access to Internal Rotation

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15
Q

What is the Straight Leg Raise testing for?

A

Nutation of the Sacrum
Pelvic/Femoral IR

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16
Q

What is the ideal test result of the Straight Leg Raise?

A

90° of hip flexion

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17
Q

When is the Straight Leg Raise over?

A

Knee Bends
Opposite leg lifts off floor
Pelvis rolls to one side

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18
Q

What is the Screw-Home Mechanism of the knee?

A

When we lock out our knee we get femoral IR relative to tibial ER.

This tightens ligaments at the knee (ACL,MCL,LCL, etc)

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19
Q

How does the Screw Home Mechanism effect hip flexion in the Straight Leg Raise Assesment?

A

<45° of Hip Flexion - Femur is in relative ER
>45° of Hip Flexion - femur is in relative IR, sacrum nutates/IR

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20
Q

Straight Leg Raise - What does it mean if someone can’t access more that 45° of hip flexion?

A

Unable to Nutate and IR
Compression of posterior pelvis
(Deep Hip ER’s are tight)

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21
Q

Straight Leg Raise - What does it mean if someone can access more than 45° of Hip Flexion?

A

Able to nutate and Internally Rotate

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22
Q

What is the Passive Abduction Assesment testing for?

A

Counternutation of the Sacrum
Pelvic/Femoral ER

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23
Q

Passive Abduction - What is the ideal test result?

A

~45°

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24
Q

When is the Passive Abduction test over?

A

Side-bending occurs
Impingement sensation
Leg flexes

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25
Q

Passive Abduction - Client result 0-40°

A

Limited ER - likely can’t fully push out of that side in gait

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26
Q

Passive Abduction - Client result 45°+

A

Access to ER - can likely push out of that side

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27
Q

What is the Trunk Rotation Assessment testing for?

A

How well the sacrum/pelvis can turn towards a given direction.

EX - Knees/legs left = Pelvis turns left

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28
Q

When is the Trunk Rotation assessment over?

A

Upper body significant moves
Back extends
Ribs excessibely flare

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29
Q

Trunk Rotation - Ideal test result?

A

70° or more

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30
Q

Trunk Rotation - Client result 0-70°

A

Limited Trunk Rotation

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31
Q

Trunk Rotation - Client result 70°+

A

Full Trunk Rotation to that side

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32
Q

What is the Femoral Rotation Assesment testing for?

A

Internal and External Rotation of the femurs

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33
Q

Ideal Seated Femoral External Rotation result?

A

~45°

34
Q

Ideal Seated Internal Rotation result?

A

~40°

35
Q

When is the Femoral Rotation test over?

A

Hips rotate
Muscle cramp felt
Femur moves in or out

36
Q

What is the Foot Presentation assessment testing for?

A

Testing for which arch is more inverted/supinated

37
Q

When assessing a clients foot presentation, what does the more inverted/supinated foot indicate?

A

Likely indicated the side they are lateralized towards

38
Q

What is the Shoulder Internal Rotation Assessment testing for?

A

Anterior Upper Expansion
(Pump Handle Ribs)

39
Q

Shoulder IR - Ideal test result?

A

90°

40
Q

Shoulder IR - When is the test over?

A

Posterior should comes off ground
Back extends
Discomfort is felt

41
Q

Shoulder IR - Client < 90°

A

Lacking Anterior Upper Expansion
(Pump Handle)

42
Q

Shoulder IR - Client > 90°

A

Access to Anterior Upper Expansion
(Pump Handle)

43
Q

What is the Shoulder External Rotation Assessment testing for?

A

Posterior Upper Expansion
(T2-8)

44
Q

Shoulder ER - Ideal Test Result

A

90°

45
Q

When is Shoulder ER Assessment over?

A

Posterior shoulder comes off ground
Back extends
Discomfort is felt

46
Q

Shoulder ER < 90°

A

Limited access to Posterior Upper Expansion

47
Q

Shoulder ER > 90°

A

Access to Posterior Upper Expansion

48
Q

What is the Shoulder Abduction Assessment testing for?

A

Posterior Upper Expansion (T2-8) and some Anterior Upper Expansion

49
Q

Shoulder Abduction - Ideal Test Result

A

45 - 60°+

50
Q

When is Shoulder Abduction over?

A

Trunk rotates
Back extends
Palm or forearm rotates
“Nerve” sensations felt

51
Q

Shoulder ABD - Client < 45°

A

Limited Posterior Upper Expansion

52
Q

Shoulder ABD > 45°+

A

Access to Posterior Upper Expansion

53
Q

What is the Cervical Axial Rotation testing for?

A

Ability to turn neck towards a given side in the transverse plane

54
Q

Cervical Axial Rotation - Ideal Test Result?

A

30+°

55
Q

When is Cervical Axial Rotation test over?

A

-Head rotates independently of neck
-Any discomfort whatsoever
-Hard end-feel

56
Q

Cervical Axial Rotation - Client < 30°

A

Limited Rotation

57
Q

Cervical Axial Rotation - Client > 30°

A

Full Rotation

58
Q

What is the Cervical Lateral Flexion Assessment testing for?

A

Represents cervical spine stance on contralateral side (i.e. when in right stance you should have left cervical lateral flexion)

59
Q

Cervical Lateral Flexion - Ideal Test Result

A

30+°

60
Q

When is Cervical Lateral Flexion test over?

A

Entire neck moves as one unit
Any discomfort felt whatsoever
Hard end-feel

61
Q

Cervical Lateral Flexion - Client < 30°

A

Limited Lateral Flexion

62
Q

Cervical Lateral Flexion - Client > 30°

A

Full Lateral Flexion

63
Q

Cervical Axial Rotation - Right Lateralized Pattern

A

Left < Right

64
Q

Cervical Lateral Flexion - Right Lateralized Pattern

A

Left > Right

65
Q

Shoulder IR - Right Lateralized Pattern

A

Left > Right

66
Q

Shoulder ER - Right Lateralized Pattern

A

Left < Right

67
Q

Shoulder Abduction - Right Lateralized Pattern

A

Left < Right

68
Q

Squat - Right Lateralized Pattern

A

Slight Right Hip Shift (if any)

69
Q

Ober’s Test - Right Lateralized Pattern

A

Left < Right

70
Q

Straight Leg Raise - Right Lateralized Pattern

A

Left < Right

71
Q

Hip Abduction - Right Lateralized Pattern

A

Left > Right

72
Q

Trunk Rotation - Right Lateralized Pattern

A

Knees Left < Knees Right

73
Q

Hip IR - Right Lateralized Pattern

A

Left < Right

74
Q

Hip ER - Right Lateralized Pattern

A

Left > Right

75
Q

If a client presesnts with a significant Posterior Pelvis & Thorax Orientation, what test result might be ‘cheated’ during an assesment

A

Increased Shoulder ER
Increased Shoulder Flexion

Increased Hip ER
Increased Squat

76
Q

If a client presents with a significant Posterior Pelvis & Thorax Orientation, what test results will likely stay “true” and what tests may be “cheated”

A

Client will often still have decreased Shoulder Abduction, Trunk Rotation, and Ober’s Test. They may present with increased Shoulder ER and increased Shoulder Flexion, as well as increased Hip ER and increased Squat Assessment due to their orientation and not their actual range of motion.

77
Q

If a client presents with a significant Anterior Pelvis and Thorax Orientation, what test results will likely remain “true” and what tests may be “cheated”?

A

Client will often still have a decreased Shoulder Abduction, Trunk Rotation, and Ober’s Test. They may present with an Increased Shoulder IR and Straight Leg Raise due to their orientation and not their actual range of motion.

78
Q

If a clients results are confusing, what is a good method to guide your first steps?

A

Work off their worst measurements, try a technique you feel appropriate, immediately retest.

79
Q

For online assessments what are the recommended active tests?

A

Squat
Straight Leg Raise
Trunk Rotation
Hip IR/ER
Shoulder IR/ER
Shoulder ABD in 90/90 SIdelying

80
Q

You’re short on time - Whats a suggested Quick Assessment?

A

Shoulder ABD
Ober’s
Hip ABD
Trunk Rotation

81
Q
A

November 2024 Biomechanics (5 decks)

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