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MedSurg 2 > Week 5 > Flashcards

Week 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the wood light examination?

A

UV light produces specific colors to reveal a skin infection

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2
Q

why is a wood light used?

A

to detect lesions; fungal (that are not completely visible to the naked eye

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3
Q

What is the purpose of a biopsy?

A

confirms or rules out malignancy

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4
Q

What is a punch biopsy?

A

what comes from fat (looks like a hole puncher)

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5
Q

What is a shave biopsy?

A

when you need to take portions of skin off to autograft and put it on an area where skin is missing

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6
Q

what is an excision biopsy?

A

just cuttinnnn it out

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7
Q

what is a patch test?

A

identifies substances causing allergic contact dermatitis

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8
Q

What is psoriasis?

A

chronic, relapsing, proliferative skin disorder

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9
Q

What does psoriasis look like?

A

scaly, thick, silvery, elevated lesions usually on the scalp, elbows, or knees

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10
Q

what does psoriasis affect first (on the body)?

A

the hands

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11
Q

when psoriasis progresses, what does it progress to?

A

psoriatic arthritis

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12
Q

What are the risk factors for psoriasis?

A
  1. infection
  2. Stress
  3. Hormone imbalances
  4. Obesity
  5. Skin trauma
  6. Seasons
  7. Medications
  8. Genetics
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13
Q

What is plaque psoriasis also called?

A

psoriasis vulgaris

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14
Q

Is psoriasis bilateral?

A

yep, if its on one forearm, its on the other forearm as well

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15
Q

what does pruritic mean?

A

itchy

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16
Q

What kind of lesion is psoriasis?

A

secondary lesion

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17
Q

Is there a cure for psoriasis?

A

nauurrrr

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18
Q

what is a therapeutic procedure for psoriasis?

A

Phototchemotherpy and ultraviolet light aka (PUVA)

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19
Q

why is PUVA a last resort?

A

because its ;literal radiation lol

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20
Q

What is given for PUVA and why?

A

Methoxsalen; given for PUVA to temporarily make the skin more sensitive to radiation that way the radiation is more effective

this med DOES NOT do the tx itself

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21
Q

When would you give methoxsalen?

A

1 hour BEFORE tx

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22
Q

What are some side effects of methoxsalen?

A

more easily sunburned, cataracts, and skin malignancies

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23
Q

How often will a pt recieve PUVA?

A

tx 2-3 times a week, avoiding consecutive days

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24
Q

what are the points of client teaching for a pt receiving PUVA?

A

eye and skin care

long term effects: premature aging, cataracts, skin cancer

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25
What different medication classes are given to tx psoriasis?
1. Corticosteroids 2. Tar preparations 3. Vitamin D analog 4. Vitamin A 5. Anti-psoriasis agent
26
What are the 2 common corticosteroids?
1. Triamcinolone 2. Betamethasone
27
What is a tar preparation med for psoriasis?
coal tar
28
What are the Vitamin A Analog meds for psoriasis?
1. Calcipotriene 2. Calcitirol
29
What is a vitamin A med for psoriasis?
1. Tazarotene
30
What is a Anti-psoriasis agent med for psoriasis?
1. Anthralin
31
What are the systemic drug therapy classes for psoriasis?
1. cytotoxic meds 2. Biologic agents 3. Immunosuppressants
32
What are the cytotoxic meds for psoriasis?
methotrexate Acitretin
33
What are the biologic meds for psoriasis?
1. Etanercept 2. Infliximab
34
What are the immunosuppressants for psoriasis?
1. Cyclosporine 2. Azathioprine
35
What is acne vulgaris?
an inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous follicles
36
What are risk factors for acne?
1. Puberty 2. Occlusive cosmetics 3. Hormonal changes 4. High humidity and sweating
37
What are comedones?
clinical term for blackhead or whitehead
38
What med that is used to tx HTN can also be prescribed to tx acne?
spironolactone
39
What are comedones classified as?
noninflammatory
40
What is classified as inflammatory acne?
papules pustules nodular acne cystic acne
41
What are side effects of spironolactone?
1. HYPERkalemia 2. budding breast tissue 3. orthostatic hypotension
42
How would you explain a papule?
cystic/hormonal
43
How would you explain a pustule?
you can pop this bishhhh
44
How do you explain nodular acne?
not palpable like forming wheals
45
how would you explain cystic acne?
can be pustular or nodular but they come together
46
What med is all an anti androgen forming agent?
spironolactone !!!
47
What are topical drug therapies for acne?
1. Benzoyl peroxide 2. Antimicrobials (erythromycin/clindamycin) 3. Retinoid 4. Intralesional corticosteroids
48
What is an example of retinoids?
Accutane (isotretinoin)
49
Whats important to know about accutane?
1. Its a tetragen which can cause birth defects 2. Look t changes in mood! People are at an increased risk for suicidal ideation
50
What causes contact dermatitis?
caused by direct exposure to allergen, chemical, or mechanical irritation
51
what are clinical manifestations of contact dermatitis?
1. Well-demarcated localized rash 2. Areas of dermatitis frequently take the shape of the causative agent 3. Distribution varies depending on the cause and exposure to the allergen
52
What is atopic dermatitis?
is also referred to as eczematous dermatitis
53
What causes atopic dermatitis?
Caused by allergens or chronic skin disease
54
What are risk factors of atopic dermatitis?
1. Genetic Predisposition 2. Stress
55
What are clinical manifestations of allergic conditions in infants?
1. Erythematous rash with serious exudate 2. Commonly on face, chest, and shoulders
56
What are clinical manifestations of allergic conditions in adults?
1. Dry, scaly, pruritic rash 2. Often on flexor surfaces
57
what are clinical manifestations of an acute allergic stage?
1. Bright erythema 2. Oozing vesicles 3. Extreme pruritus
58
What are clinical manifestations of chronic stage of allergies?
1. Chronic rash 2. Lichenification 3. Distribution: face, neck, upper torso, along skin folds (antecubital and popliteal).
59
What are the different drug therapies for allergic conditions?
1. Steroid therapy 2. Antihistamines 3. Immunosuppressants
60
What are the different steroid therapies for allergic conditions?
1. Hydrocortisone 2. Prednisone 3. Betamethasone 4. Triamcinolone
61
what are the different antihistamines for allergic conditions?
1. Diphenhydramine 2. Certirizine
62
What are the different immunosuppressants for allergic conditions?
1. Tacrolimus 2. Pimecrolimus
63
What are the nursing interventions for allergic conditions?
1. elimination of the allergen 2. Comfort measures
64
What would be some comfort measures for someone with an allergic condition?
1. Cool, moist compress 2. Lukewarm baths with bath additives
65
What is on the eczema prevention checklist?
1. Moisture everyday, especially within 3 minutes after bathing 2. Wear cotton or soft fabrics 3. Take lukewarm baths and showers using mild soap or non-soap cleanser 4. Pat skin dry gently with a soft towel; do not rub
66
What is urticaria?
the result of type 1 hypersensitivity
67
what is urticaria often a part of?
anaphylaxis
68
What is highly pruritic?
lesions
69
What drug therapy is used for acute urticaria?
epinephrine
70
Why do you use epinephrine for acute urticaria?
because urticaria can progress to life-threatening angioedema or anaphylactic shock
71
What antihistamines are used for urticaria?
1. Diphenhydramine 2. Hydroxyzine 3. Loratadine 4. Cetrizine 5. Fexofenadine
72
What corticosteroids are used for urticaria?
1. Prednisone 2. Methylprednisolone
73
What immunosuppressants are used for urticaria?
cyclosporine
74
What are some nursing interventions for someone with urticaria?
1. Check for angioedema!! 2. Administer epinephrine and first aid if angioedema is present 3. Teach client to avoid triggers

MedSurg 2 (5 decks)

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