Week 5 Flashcards
Used when the materials to be separated have a high boiling point and decomposition may occur if direct distillation was to be employed.
Steam distillation
The type of distillation steam distillation is
Differential distillation
In steam distillation, steam is introduced directly into the liquid, providing that the solubility of steam in the liquid is ____.
low
In steam distillation, steam is introduced directly into the liquid, providing that the ____ of steam in the liquid is low.
solubility
In steam distillation, the effect of adding steam is to ____ the boiling point by reducing the effective total pressure of the still.
Lower
In steam distillation, the effect of adding steam is to lower the boiling point by ____ the effective total pressure of the still.
Reducing
In steam distillation, the effect of adding steam is to lower the boiling point by reducing the effective total ____ of the still.
pressure
Expensive alternative to steam distillation
Vacuum distillation
Two types of steam which can be injected into the column for steam distillation
- Saturated steam
- Superheated steam
Steam distillation
Some of the steam condenses to provide the heat to vapourise the material
Saturated steam
The steam can provide enough heat of vapourisation for the material concerned without itself condensing.
Superheated steam
Where steam is injected into
The base of the column
Basic principle of packed column
- surface of the packing, over a certain height, is equivalent to a theoretical plate
- transfer occurs at the interface between the liquid and vapour
Types of column packing
- Random packing
- Structured packing : arranged, ordered & stacked
Examples of random packing
- Raschig rings and saddles
- “through flow”