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Dental Assistant > Week 5 > Flashcards

Week 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Analgesia

A

Stage of anesthesia in which the patient is relaxed and conscious.

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2
Q

Anesthesia

A

Temporary loss of feeling or sensation.

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3
Q

Anesthetic

A

Medication that produces the temporary loss of feeling or sensation.

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4
Q

Aspirate

A

draw back or to draw within.

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5
Q

Diffuse

A

spread from an area of high concentration to one of low concentration.

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6
Q

Duration

A

Time from induction to complete reversal of anesthesia.

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7
Q

Gauge

A

Standard dimension or measurement of the thickness of an injection needle.

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8
Q

Induction

A

Time from injection to effective anesthesia.

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9
Q

Innervation

A

Supply or distribution of nerves to a specific body part.

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10
Q

Lumen

A

The hollow center of the injection needle.

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11
Q

Oximetry

A

Measurement of oxygen concentration in the blood.

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12
Q

Permeate

A

spread or flow throughout.

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13
Q

Porous

A

object with minute openings that allow the passage of gas or fluid.

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14
Q

Systemic toxicity

A

Relating to a system, or typically the entire body.

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15
Q

Tidal volume

A

Amount of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath.

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16
Q

Titrate

A

determine the concentration of a substance.

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17
Q

Titration

A

The process of determining the exact amount of a drug or substance that would be used to achieve a desired level of sedation.

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18
Q

Vasoconstrictor

A

Type of drug that constricts (narrows) blood vessels; used to prolong anesthetic action.

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19
Q

Bleeding index

A

Method of scoring the amount of bleeding present.

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20
Q

Bone augmentation

A

Addition of natural or synthetic bone to a surgical site.

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21
Q

Chisel scaler

A

Instrument used to remove supragingival calculus in the contact area of anterior teeth. The blade on the chisel scaler is curved slightly to adapt to the tooth surfaces.

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22
Q

Crown lengthening

A

Surgical procedure to expose more tooth surface.

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23
Q

Curette

A

Surgical instrument used to remove tissue from the tooth socket; also curet.

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24
Q

File

A

metal tool of varying size and form with numerous ridges or teeth on its cutting surfaces.

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25
Q

Gingivectomy

A

Surgical removal of diseased gingival tissues.

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26
Q

Gingiviplasty

A

Surgical reshaping and contouring of gingival tissues.

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27
Q

Gracey curette

A

Curette with one cutting edge, “area specific”; it is designed to adapt to specific tooth surfaces (mesial or distal)

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28
Q

Hoe scaler

A

Type of scaler used to remove heavy supragingival calculus; it is most effective when used on buccal and lingual surfaces of the posterior teeth.

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29
Q

Kirkland knife

A

Double-ended knife with kidney-shaped blades; commonly used in periodontal surgery.

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30
Q

Laser

A

Highly concentrated beam of light; acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.

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31
Q

Mobility

A

To have movement

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32
Q

Occlusal trauma

A

Abnormal occlusal relationships of the teeth, causing injury to the periodontium.

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33
Q

Orban knife

A

Knife with a spearlike shape and cutting edges on both sides of the blade; it is used to remove tissue from the interdental areas.

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34
Q

Osseous surgery

A

Surgical specialty of removing defects in
bone.

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35
Q

Ostectomy

A

Surgery involving the removal of bone.

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36
Q

Osteoplasty

A

Surgery in which bone is added, contoured, and reshaped.

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37
Q

Periodontal charting

A

Commonly accepted notations that are made to the patient’s chart to indicate the condition, position, and restorative history of individual teeth.

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38
Q

Periodontal dressing

A

Surgical dressing applied to a surgical site for protection, similar to a bandage.

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39
Q

Periodontal explorer

A

Fine, thin instrument that is easily adapted around
root surfaces

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40
Q

Periodontal flap surgery

A

Incisional surgery performed when excisional surgery is not indicated. In flap surgery, the tissues are not removed but are pushed away from the underlying tooth roots and alveolar bone, similar to the flap of an envelope.

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41
Q

Periodontal plastic surgery

A

Surgical procedures of mucogingival
tissues

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42
Q

Periodontal pocket

A

Deepening of the gingival sulcus beyond normal;
results from periodontal disease.

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43
Q

Periodontal probe

A

Probe used to locate and measure the depth of periodontal pockets; tapered to fit into the gingival sulcus with a blunt or rounded tip.

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44
Q

Root planing

A

Procedure that smooths the surface of a root by removing abnormal toxic cementum or dentin that is rough, contaminated, or permeated with calculus.

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45
Q

Scaling

A

Removal of calcareous deposits from the teeth with the use of suitable instruments.

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46
Q

Sickle scaler

A

hook-shaped instrument that is available in various sizes and shapes and is used for the removal of tenacious supragingival deposits of calculus.

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47
Q

Ultrasonic scaler

A

Device used for rapid calculus removal; it operates on high-frequency sound waves.

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48
Q

Universal curette

A

Hand instrument used to treat subgingival surfaces; it has a blade with an unbroken cutting edge that curves around the toe and a flat face set at a 90-degree angle to the lower shank.

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49
Q

Alveolitis

A

Inflammation and infection associated with the disturbance of a blood clot after extraction of an impacted tooth.

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50
Q

Alveoplasty

A

The surgical shaping and smoothing of the margins of the tooth socket after extraction of the tooth, generally in preparation for placement of a prosthesis.

51
Q

Bone file

A

Surgical instrument used to smooth rough edges of bone structure.

52
Q

Chisel

A

Surgical instrument used for cutting or severing a tooth and bone structure.

53
Q

Curette

A

Surgical instrument used to remove tissue from the tooth socket; also curet.

54
Q

Donning

A

Act of placing on an item, such as gloves; dressing.

55
Q

Elevator

A

Surgical instrument used to reflect and retract the periodontal ligament and periosteum.

56
Q

Excisional biopsy

A

Surgical procedure in which tissue is cut from a suspect oral lesion.

57
Q

Exfoliative biopsy

A

Diagnostic procedure in which cells are scraped from a suspect oral lesion for analysis.

58
Q

Forceps

A

Surgical instrument used to grasp and hold onto
teeth for their removal.

59
Q

Hard tissue impaction

A

Oral condition in which a tooth is partially to fully covered by bone and gingival tissue.

60
Q

Hemostat

A

Surgical instrument used to hold or grasp
items.

61
Q

Impacted tooth

A

Tooth that has not erupted.

62
Q

Incisional biopsy

A

Section of suspect oral lesion that is removed for evaluation.

63
Q

Luxate

A

dislocate, as a tooth from its socket.

64
Q

Mallet

A

Hammer-like instrument used with a chisel to section teeth or bone.

65
Q

Needle holder

A

Surgical instrument used to hold the suture needle.

66
Q

Outpatient

A

Patient seen and treated by a physician, then sent home for recovery.

67
Q

Oral and maxillofacial surgeon

A

Dentist who has specialized in surgeries of the head and neck

68
Q

Oral and maxillofacial surgeon

A

Dental surgical specialty that diagnoses and treats conditions of the mouth, face, upper jaw (maxilla), and associated areas.

69
Q

Retractor

A

Surgical instrument used to hold back soft
tissue.

70
Q

Rongeur

A

Surgical instrument used to cut and trim the alveolar bone.

71
Q

Root tip picks

A

Surgical instrument used for the removal of root tips or fragments from the surgical site.

72
Q

Scalpel

A

Surgical knife.

73
Q

Soft tissue impaction

A

Oral condition in which a tooth is partially to fully covered by gingival tissue.

74
Q

Who was the first dentist to use NO on his patients?

A

Horace Wells

75
Q

What color code is used for N,O tanks?

A

Blue

76
Q

How is the dental team at risk for overexposure to N,0?

A

N2O escapes in the atmosphere

77
Q

What is given to the patient before and after N20/02?

A

100% oxygen

78
Q

How do patients most often seek periodontal care?

A

Referred by general dentist/dental hygienist for treatment of periodontal condition

79
Q

What information is included in the periodontal charting?

A

Pocket readings
Fur cations
Tooth mobility
Exudate (pus)
Gingival recession

80
Q

Should teeth have any mobility?

A

Slight amount

81
Q

What is the depth of a normal sulcus?

A

3 mm or less

82
Q

What units of measurement are used on the periodontal probe?

A

Mm

83
Q

What type of radiograph is especially useful in periodontics?

A

Bitewing radiographs

84
Q

What instruments are used to remove calculus from supragingival surfaces?

A

Sickle scalers
Chisel scalers
Hoe scalers

85
Q

What instruments are used to remove calculus from subgingival surfaces?

A

Curettes

86
Q

What is the purpose of explorers in periodontal treatment?

A

To locate deposits of calculus

87
Q

What is the difference between a Universal curette and a Gracey curette?

A

Universal- two cutting edge, adapt to all tooth surfaces
Gracey- one cutting edge, Mesial or distal

88
Q

What is the purpose of a periodontal pocket marker?

A

Used to mark the area for an incision on the gingiva

89
Q

How do ultrasonic scalers work?

A

Converting sound waves into mechanical energy

90
Q

What oral conditions would contraindicate the use of an ultrasonic scaler?

A

Demineralized areas
Narrow pockets
Exposed dental surfaces
Restorative materials
Titanium implant abutments

91
Q

should an ultrasonic scaler be used on a patient with a communicable disease

A

No

92
Q

What are the more common terms for dental prophylaxis?

A

Prophy
Cleaning

93
Q

Who can legally perform a dental prophylaxis procedure?

A

Dentist
Dental hygienist

94
Q

What are 3 nonsurgical periodontal treatments?

A

Dental prophylaxis
Scaling and root planing
Gingival curettage

95
Q

How is tetracycline used in periodontal treatment?

A

Antibiotic

96
Q

What is the primary goal of periodontal surgery?

A

Control the progress of periodontal destruction and loss of attachment

97
Q

From a patient’s point of view, what are the primary disadvantages of periodontal surgery?

A

Time
Cost
Esthetics
Discomfort

98
Q

What is a gingivectomy?

A

Surgical removal of diseased gingival tissue

99
Q

What is the purpose of osseous surgery?

A

To eliminate pockets, remove defects, and restore normal contours in the bone

100
Q

What is the function of a periodontal surgical dressing?

A

Acts as a bandage over the surgical site

101
Q

What materials are most commonly used in periodontal dressings?

A

Zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE)
Noneugenol

102
Q

Are there any training requirements for persons who work with lasers?

A

Yes

103
Q

Can a general dentist perform extractions?

A

Yes

104
Q

How can surgical assistants further their profession?

A

On the job training or specialized program for surgical dental assistant

105
Q

In which two settings can a patient receive oral surgery?

A

Private dental office and hospital operating room

106
Q

Are outpatient oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures considered major or minor surgeries?

A

Minor

107
Q

What does the periosteal elevator reflect and retract?

A

The periosteum from the surface of the bone

108
Q

What number is given to the universal forceps?

A

150 adults
151 kids

109
Q

What surgical instrument resembles a spoon excavator?

A

Surgical curette

110
Q

What surgical instrument is used to trim and shape bone?

A

Rongeur

111
Q

What is the difference between a hemostat and a needle holder?

A

Hemostat (only surations) grabs bone and soft tissue
Needle holder (hole in the middle) holds needle

112
Q

When the chisel is used, what additional surgical instrument must be used?

A

Mallet

113
Q

What equipment is used when a surgical sorub is performed?

A

Orange stick
Antimicrobial soap
Sterile surgical scrub brush
Sterile disposable towels

114
Q

What procedure is commonly completed after multiple teeth have been removed from the same quadrant or arch?

A

Alveoplasty

115
Q

Which type of impaction occurs when a tooth is located directly under the gingival tissue?

A

Soft tissue impaction

116
Q

Which type of biopsy is done when a surface lesion is scraped to attain cells?

A

Exfoliative biopsy

117
Q

To what does the term suture refer?

A

The act of stitching

118
Q

What are the 3 types of nonabsorbable suture material?

A

Silk
Polyester fiber
Nylon

119
Q

What is the approximate time frame for removing nonabsorbable sutures?

A

5-7 days

120
Q

long should a pressure pack remain on a surgical site to control bleeding?

A

30 minutes

121
Q

What analgesic may be prescribed for swelling?

A

Ibuprofen

122
Q

Would you instruct a patient to use a hot compress or a cold compress for swelling?

A

Cold

123
Q

Dycal

A

Used with composite and amalgam
Purpose is to insulate and protect the tooth pulp from the irritating effects of the filling material

Dental Assistant (7 decks)

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