Week 5 Flashcards
Strategic niche management actions (3)
Shielding
Nurturing
Empowering
Shielding
Protect against harsh prevailing regimes to allow developments of momentum
Nurturing
Provide resources for development through networking positive expectations and learning in experiments
Empowering
Allow niche community to press for institutional change and make nich innovations competitive
Different innovation systems levels
National, sectoral, regional, technological which can all overlap
Steps in creating new innovation systems
- structure
- phase of development
- functions
- system failures
- policy instruments
4 types of functions/phases
pre-development
development
take-off
acceleration
7 key processes for building an IS
- entrepreneurial experiments
- knowledge development
- knowledge exchange
- guidance of the search
- resources mobilization
- market formation
- counteract resistance to change
How to change a regime
put pressure on it and intervene, it will help system failures and work as a policy instrument
We need innovations systems and transition management
Length of transition 3 levels of explanation
Consumer
Firm level; innovations dilemma
Context level; TIC
Consumers level
Attributes of adoption:
relative advantage
complexity
compatibility
trialability
observability
also depends on type of decision:
optional, collective, authority
What is different between sustainable innovation and normal
attributes are different
early adaptor category is different
firm behave under bounded rationality, no disruptive innovations: low investment rate
Innovations dilemma
people resist change and do not even want to understand sustainable products out of fear of cannibalization
Stuck in current network, consumers etc.
Not seeing new innovations
Techno-Insitutional-Complex(TIC)
large complex ecosystem where firms act in, all these networks and connections that need to be changed
Networks in TIC
producer, user, societal groups, financial networks, public autorities, research network, suppliers
What is needed for sustainable change
A change in regime and rules. The current rules are an outcome of historical power positions
Socio technical regime
network of actors
Regulative: regulation
Cognitive: beliefs
Normative: values
-> can be constraining or enabling
Formal network
an organizational structure with clearly identifiable members where firms and other organizations come together to achieve common aims or to solve specific tasks
Theoretical background concepts TIS change (3)
Technological innovation systems and the role of romal networks
Resource based reasoning
System building and the role of resources
Network resources
are assets of a formal network that are of strategic value for network members. They are generated through the inerplay of actors and their organizational resources in the network
2 types of networks
drawing on organizational resources and those on network resources
How to shift into a new regime with limited technological capabilities
- early market niches
- available knowledge
- institutional support
- the role of expectations
Selection environment
things that are important in order to change towards sustainability
supply and demand side
D: compatibility
S: beliefs and imagination
Conditions of radical technological change
- importance of new scientific insights
- times of war and or crises
- need for quick improvements
Niches and government
with certain actions the government can motivate niche management (taxation and subsidies)
–> cars in cities
Carbon lock in
society is dependent on fossil fuels due to various factors such as infrastructure, technological inertia and regulatory frameworks
Firm implications of techno-institutional complex change
- shift of focus from firm to system
- firm need to invest in a new systen:
- Pressure present system
- Strenghten niches
How to change systems
Multiple actors
Informal and formal change
TIS, Resource based reasoning, role of resources and system building
–> create network with innovating actos to share knowledge and resources
Different resources innovating networks are connected
- tangible: joint artifacts
- human: joint knowledge
- structural: common understanding of goals and market preparation
- relational: reputaion and legitimization
Solutions for carbon lock in
- development of new technologies
- changes in regulation
- shift in societal norms and values
- collaboration between different stakeholders
Key concepts for carbon lock in Unruh (11)
Path dependency
Technological regime
Technological trajectory
Socio-technical regime
Sustainability transition
Co-evolution
Technological inertia
Infrastruture dependence
Economic and politcal power
Regualtory frameworks
Social norms and values
