WEEK 5 Flashcards
What is sex determined by?
Is determined by the X & Y chromosomal makeup
Difference between morbidity & mortality
Morbidity is the state of being unhealthy for a particular disease or situation, whereas mortality is the number of deaths that occur in a population.
Intersex people represent ____ to ____% of the population
0.5-2%
What is Partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (PAIS)?
- a genetic condition described as intersex
- is when the body cannot respond to male hormones (androgens) properly, therefore affects the development of genitals
- may have both male & female characteristics
hypospadias
occurs in intersex individuals, is where the urethra is located on the underside of the penis
Ambiguous genitalia
rare condition in which an infant’s external genitals don’t appear to be clearly either male or female. In a baby with ambiguous genitalia, the genitals may be incompletely developed or the baby may have characteristics of both sexes.
Role of CHN when dealing with an intersex patient
- recognize they may have had negative past experiences
- asking pronouns
- don’t assume the pt has menstrual periods
Essentialist thinking vs Biology thinking
Essentialist = behaviours, interests and abilities are biologically pre-determined, rather than shaped by society
Biology is destiny = reinforces gender stereotypes. Mental health, intelligence, identity, gender (the things that make us individuals) is decided by a genetic lottery & there’s not a lot we can do to change this
What are examples of social constructs in gender?
Masculinity & femininity
Gender norms
What is the gender stereotype theory?
suggests men are perceived as more masculine than females, and women are perceived as more feminine than men
When was the watershed moment for gender roles?
During world wars, gender roles became more elastic
Non-binary
umbrella term to include all gender identities that fall outside of the gender binary
sexual orientation
is the romantic & sexual attraction towards people of one or more genders
Sexual orientation also includes sexual relations with people of one or more genders as well as
self-labelling as heterosexual, gay, lesbian, bisexual, queer or “questioning”, or Two Spirit
Heterosexism
refers to the assumption that heterosexuality is the norm, and that other orientations & genders are not “normal”
What is the role of a CHN is terms of health promotion when working with the 2SLGBTQIA+ community
(primordial + secondary prevention)
- shift societal attitudes, decrease stigma, foster respect (primordial prevention)
- be involved in creating policies & laws that prioritize preventing harrassment & violence (in workplaces, schools, health care environments) (secondary prevention)
What is the Gender-based Lens?
- Using a gender lens when analysing, planning, and making decisions means carefully and deliberately examining all the implications of our work in terms of gender.
- A gender-wise program is one that considers the different needs and circumstances of people of all genders within the target beneficiary group.
- We should ask ourselves 3 questions when acknowledging the impact of gender
1) Do I believe that the issues I work on are gender neutral? Or culturally neutral? Ability neutral? Is this based solely on my own experience
2) Is it possible that my assumptions prevent me from asking questions and hearing or understanding answers that are outside my own experience?
3) How might attitudes and norms: my own, those of my organization, and those of the institutions and society that surround me - limit the range of policy options I consider or propose?
Sex vs Gender
Sex is usually categorized as female or male or intersex but there is variation in the biological attributes that comprise sex and how those attributes are expressed. Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviours, expressions and identities of girls, women, boys, men, and gender diverse people
Sex vs Gender
Sex is usually categorized as female or male or intersex but there is variation in the biological attributes that comprise sex and how those attributes are expressed. Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviours, expressions and identities of girls, women, boys, men, and gender diverse people
Why is internalized homophobia a threat to general well-being?
An individual may partake in reduced self-care, health-compromising activities (substance abuse) to cope with the stress their feeling (whether it be from hostility, rejection, discrimination, no support system, etc)
What following factors in nursing practice help reduce gender inequity?
access, inclusion, benefits, equity
