WEEK 5

Question 1

What is sex determined by?

Answer 1

Is determined by the X & Y chromosomal makeup

Question 2

Difference between morbidity & mortality

Answer 2

Morbidity is the state of being unhealthy for a particular disease or situation, whereas mortality is the number of deaths that occur in a population.

Question 3

Intersex people represent ____ to ____% of the population

Answer 3

0.5-2%

Question 4

What is Partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (PAIS)?

Answer 4

• a genetic condition described as intersex
• is when the body cannot respond to male hormones (androgens) properly, therefore affects the development of genitals
• may have both male & female characteristics

Question 5

hypospadias

Answer 5

occurs in intersex individuals, is where the urethra is located on the underside of the penis

Question 6

Ambiguous genitalia

Answer 6

rare condition in which an infant’s external genitals don’t appear to be clearly either male or female. In a baby with ambiguous genitalia, the genitals may be incompletely developed or the baby may have characteristics of both sexes.

Question 7

Role of CHN when dealing with an intersex patient

Answer 7

• recognize they may have had negative past experiences
• asking pronouns
• don’t assume the pt has menstrual periods

Question 8

Essentialist thinking vs Biology thinking

Answer 8

Essentialist = behaviours, interests and abilities are biologically pre-determined, rather than shaped by society
Biology is destiny = reinforces gender stereotypes. Mental health, intelligence, identity, gender (the things that make us individuals) is decided by a genetic lottery & there’s not a lot we can do to change this

Question 9

What are examples of social constructs in gender?

Answer 9

Masculinity & femininity
Gender norms

Question 10

What is the gender stereotype theory?

Answer 10

suggests men are perceived as more masculine than females, and women are perceived as more feminine than men

Question 11

When was the watershed moment for gender roles?

Answer 11

During world wars, gender roles became more elastic

Question 12

Non-binary

Answer 12

umbrella term to include all gender identities that fall outside of the gender binary

Question 13

sexual orientation

Answer 13

is the romantic & sexual attraction towards people of one or more genders

Sexual orientation also includes sexual relations with people of one or more genders as well as
self-labelling as heterosexual, gay, lesbian, bisexual, queer or “questioning”, or Two Spirit

Question 14

Heterosexism

Answer 14

refers to the assumption that heterosexuality is the norm, and that other orientations & genders are not “normal”

Question 15

What is the role of a CHN is terms of health promotion when working with the 2SLGBTQIA+ community
(primordial + secondary prevention)

Answer 15

• shift societal attitudes, decrease stigma, foster respect (primordial prevention)
• be involved in creating policies & laws that prioritize preventing harrassment & violence (in workplaces, schools, health care environments) (secondary prevention)

Question 16

What is the Gender-based Lens?

Answer 16

• Using a gender lens when analysing, planning, and making decisions means carefully and deliberately examining all the implications of our work in terms of gender.
• A gender-wise program is one that considers the different needs and circumstances of people of all genders within the target beneficiary group.
• We should ask ourselves 3 questions when acknowledging the impact of gender
  1) Do I believe that the issues I work on are gender neutral? Or culturally neutral? Ability neutral? Is this based solely on my own experience
  2) Is it possible that my assumptions prevent me from asking questions and hearing or understanding answers that are outside my own experience?
  3) How might attitudes and norms: my own, those of my organization, and those of the institutions and society that surround me - limit the range of policy options I consider or propose?

Question 17

Sex vs Gender

Answer 17

Sex is usually categorized as female or male or intersex but there is variation in the biological attributes that comprise sex and how those attributes are expressed. Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviours, expressions and identities of girls, women, boys, men, and gender diverse people

Question 17

Sex vs Gender

Answer 17

Sex is usually categorized as female or male or intersex but there is variation in the biological attributes that comprise sex and how those attributes are expressed. Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviours, expressions and identities of girls, women, boys, men, and gender diverse people

Question 18

Why is internalized homophobia a threat to general well-being?

Answer 18

An individual may partake in reduced self-care, health-compromising activities (substance abuse) to cope with the stress their feeling (whether it be from hostility, rejection, discrimination, no support system, etc)

Question 19

What following factors in nursing practice help reduce gender inequity?

Answer 19

access, inclusion, benefits, equity