WEEK 2 Flashcards
Define what Public Health is
- is the organized efforts of society to keep people healthy and prevent injury, illness, and premature death
- is a combo of programs, services, and policies that protect and promote the health of all Canadians
What are the seven essential functions of the CHN?
Health promotion, health surveillance, population health assessment, disease and injury prevention, health protection, emergency preparation & response
What is the leading cause of death in Canada (2020)?
What is the leading cause of death in Canada (2020)?
Malignant Neoplasms (80, 973)
-cancerous tumors
What are the roles of Public Health Ontario (PHO)?
Partners with the government, public health & health care
- Health surveillance population assessment, disease & injury prevention, health protection, & emergency response & preparation
Goal of Public Health Ontario (PHO)?
prevent illness & improve health
What is the goal of Health Surveillance & how does it relate to public health Ontario (PHO)?
-goal is to collect onoing analysis of health-related data to detect early signs of illness & disease trends/outbreaks
-is a role of public health ontario (PHO)
What is the goal of Population Assessment & how does it relate to public health Ontario (PHO)?
is an evidence-informed process that defines and assesses the health status & needs of a community
What is the goal of Disease & Injury Prevention & how does it relate to public health Ontario (PHO)
contributes to the longevity & quality of life of Canadians
-is a role of PHO
What is the goal of Health Protection & how does it relate to public health ontario (PHO)?
uses latest evidence to advance knowledge & guidelines for practice
-role of public health ontario (PHO)
Primordial Prevention
- prevent conditions that would enable risk factors for disease from developing (environmental, social, behavioural, cultural)
- ie. iodized salt has been used for decades for micronutrient deficiencies, newer evidence suggests we may also need to add folic acid to iodized salt
Primary Prevention
- lessening the impact of specific risk factors, & reducing occurence or incidence of a disease (interrupt chain of causality)
- ie. decreasing environmental risks, immunizing against communicable diseases, enhancing nutritional status
Secondary Prevention
- identify disease processes early as possible
- disrupts causality of chain where an abnormality is present but manifestation/symptoms are observed
- screening programs
- ie. postpartum depression screening, cervical cancer screening
Tertiary Prevention
- reduces impact of long-term disease & dissability by eliminating or reducing impairment or disability
- occurs “after sign or symptom present” & reduces likelihood of progression
- ie. support groups, chronic disease mangement programs
Quaternary Prevention
- identifies individuals or populations at risk of over-medication
What is the foundation of Health Promotion?
promote, support, maintain, & restore health in individuals, families, communities & populations
Health promotion goes beyond addressing health lifestyles, looks at improving ____?
Overall well-being
What is the Ottawa Charter?
presented strategies + approaches for health promotion
The logo for the Ottawa Charter incorporates __ key action areas for health promotion
5
What are the 3 basic strategies for health promotion?
enable, mediate, & advocate
Upstream vs Downstream approaches to improving health
Upstream = prevention + promotion strategies focused on policy interventions that benefit the whole population or primary healthcare interventions that focus on well-being by addressing the root cause (macroscopic lens)
Downstream = tertiary prevention, focused on individual tx & cure (microscopic lens)
Primary Healthcare
-it is an approach to health focusing on ___?
- is essential healthcare made universally accessible to individuals
- health equity
What are the 5 principles that route for better health in social justice?
Accessibility, public participation, health promotion, appropriate technology, intersectoral collaboration or cooperation
What was initially created in order to help us understand why people of different socio-economic groups experienced different health outcomes?
Social determinants of health
Population Health Promotion
Process of taking action on the interrelated conditions (determinants of health) that affect a population’s health to create change
_____ explains the relationship between population health & health promotion?
Population Health Promotion Model (PHPM)
