Week 4.1: Cognitive bias in affective disorders Flashcards
The mental process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.
Cognition
The term comes from the Latin word “cognoscere,” which means “to know.”
Cognition
What are the key processes in cognition?
Attention
Memory
Interpretation
Reasoning
The ability to focus on specific stimuli or information.
Attention
The process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information.
Memory
The act of making sense of sensory information.
Interpretation
The process of drawing conclusions and making decisions based on information.
Reasoning
What are the types of Memory?S
Short-term Memory and Long-term Memory
Retains information for a short period.
Short-term Memory
Stores information for extended periods.
Long-term Memory
What are the two divisions of long-term memory?
Declarative Memory and Procedural Memory
Knowledge acquired through language and education, or personal experiences.
Declarative Memory
Knowledge of how to perform tasks through routines.
Procedural Memory
The tendency for our information processing system to consistently favor certain types of information or stimuli.
There are up to 175 different biases identified.
Cognitive Bias
These biases often relate to enduring personality characteristics or current states.
Cognitive Bias
Why do some people develop Anxiety and Depression?
Vulnerabilities: Certain people are more vulnerable due to a combination of biological and social risk factors.
Linked to all anxiety disorders and can manifest as irritability.
Neuroticism
These biases can contribute to the development and maintenance of anxiety and depression.
Cognitive Bias
Are like mental shortcuts that can lead us to focus more on certain types of information.
Cognitive Biases
A core personality trait characterized by emotional instability, anxiety, self-doubt, irritability, and other negative feelings
Neuroticism
Tend to experience heightened levels of stress and worry, making them more susceptible to developing anxiety disorders
Individuals high in Neuroticism
People with high levels of neuroticism often exhibit this, which means they may become easily annoyed or angered by minor frustrations
Irritability
Is like having a sensitive emotional alarm system.
People with heightened levels of such are more likely to feel anxious and stressed, and they may get irritated easily by things that others might not find bothersome.
Neuroticism
A model that explains how genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of diseases or traits.
Vulnerability Threshold Model