Week 1.2: The Impact of Affective Disorders Flashcards
Is a measure of morbidity and mortality and has been calculated for all major disease classes.
Disease Burden
These include mental disorders that are associated with diseases of the nervous system.
Neuropsychiatric Disorders
A state of abnormally elevated mood and high energy.
Mania
A milder form of mania.
Hypomania
Periods of low mood and energy.
Depressive Episodes
Other conditions that often occur alongside bipolar disorder, such as substance abuse, alcohol use, and anxiety disorders.
Co-morbidities of Bipolar Disorder
Chronic, less severe depressive episodes that can last a long time.
Subsyndromal Depression
Is a mild form of bipolar disorder.
It involves periods of hypomanic symptoms (elevated mood and energy) and depressive symptoms that are less severe than those seen in full-blown bipolar disorder12.
These mood swings are not as extreme as those in bipolar I or II disorder, but they can still interfere with daily life and increase the risk of developing more severe bipolar disorders1.
Cyclothymia (Cyclothimic Disorder)
Is characterized by mood episodes that include manic, hypomanic, and depressive periods.
Bipolar Disorder
A pioneering German psychiatrist whose work laid the foundation for modern psychiatric classification and diagnosis.
Emil Kraepelin (1856-1926)
He introduced the concept of manic-depressive illness (now known as bipolar disorder) and dementia praecox (now known as schizophrenia)
Emil Kraepelin (1856-1926)
What does Emil Kraepelin’s affective states continuum (bipolar model) look like?
Pure Mania
Depressive or Anxious Mania
Excited Depression
Manic with Thought Poverty
Manic Stupor
Depression with Flight of Ideas
Inhibited Mania
Pure Depression
Flight of ideas, euphoria, hyperactivity
Pure Mania
Depressed mood but elevated will and thought
Depressive or Anxious Mania
Depressed mood and will but elevated thought
Excited Depression
Elevated mood and will but decreased thought
Manic with Thought Poverty
Elevated mood but decreased will and thought
Manic Stupor
Depressed mood and thought but elevated will
Depression with Flight of Ideas
Elevated mood and thought but decreased will
Inhibited Mania
Thought inhibition, depressive mood, weakness of volition
Pure Depression
What are some common triggers for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)?
- Serious Losses (death, separation)
- Difficult Relationships
- Financial Problems
- Stressful Life Events (SLE)
Also known as clinical depression, is a mental health condition characterized by a persistently low mood, loss of interest in activities, and other symptoms that interfere with daily life. Symptoms must last for at least two weeks for a diagnosis
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Refers to the presence of one or more additional conditions co-occurring with a primary condition.
Co-morbidity
About 20% of patients with bipolar disorder also meet the criteria for borderline personality disorder (BPD), making it challenging to separate the two
BD and BPD
A mood disorder that involves multiple episodes over time
Recurrent Mood Disorder
Why is it important to have a comprehensive health assessment?
To ensure the diagnosis is accurate and includes identification of all co-morbidities, both mental and physical.
Educating patients about their condition and treatment to improve adherence and outcomes.
Psychoeducation
What factors influence treatment balance?
- Social Treatment
- Psychoeducation
- Adherence/Concordance
- Psychological Treatments
What is/are the ultimate goal/s of treatment?
- Meaningful Remission
- Optimal Functioning and Quality of Life
What are the two main forms of Mood Disorders?
1) Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) / Unipolar Disorder
2) Bipolar Disorder
