Week 4 - Wound Management Flashcards

1
Q

What are the benefits of a moist wound healing?

A
  • Facilitates the debridement process
  • Acts as a lubricant
  • Acts as a transport medium
  • Reduces likelihood of infection
  • Prevents the formation of scab
  • Reduces pain
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2
Q

What are the basic elements of wound care?

A
  • Promote granulation and epithelialisation
  • Cleanse debris/microbes
  • Protects from trauma/ infection
  • Warm, moist environment
  • Debride
  • Manage pain and discomfort
  • Manage exudate and odour
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3
Q

What is the goals of wound management?

A

T - Tissue management
I - Inflammation and Infection control
M - Moisture balance
E - Epithelial advancement

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4
Q

What is tissue management

A

*Protect viable tissue
- Granulating tissue
- Epithelialising tissue
* Remove non-viable tissue via debridement
- Slough
- Necrosis
- Eschar

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5
Q

What is debridement?

A

Removal of non-viable tissue from a wound

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6
Q

What are the methods of debridement

A
  • Surgical
  • Sharp
  • Mechanical
  • Biological/Larval
  • Autolytic
  • Enzymatic
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7
Q

What are the various wound state

A
  • Contamination
  • Colonisation
  • Local infection / critical colonisation
  • Invasive infection
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8
Q

Define contamination in wounds

A

the presence of non-replicating organisms on a wound

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9
Q

Define colonisation in wounds

A

presence of replicating micro- organisms on the wound without tissue damage

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10
Q

Define local infection / critical colonisation in wounds

A

an intermediate stage, with microorganism replication and the beginning of local tissue responses.

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11
Q

Define invasive infection in wounds

A

the presence of replicating organisms within a wound with subsequent host injury

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12
Q

Define biofilm and which organism forms it

A
  • Bacteria, fungi and protists
  • Biofilms are bacterial colonies surrounded by protective coatings
  • Mature biofilms develop protected micro environments and are more resistant to conventional antibiotic treatment
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13
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of infection

A
  • Observe forclassic signs and symptoms:
  • pain, heat, redness, swelling and purulence
  • fever, leukocytosis
  • Also consider:
  • Delayed healing
  • Odour
  • Friable (bleeds easily),absent or abnormal granulation
  • Change in colour of the wound
  • Wound breakdown
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14
Q

How to obtain a bacterial wound swab

A
  • Clean the wound to remove any exudate,
    biofilm, debris and dressing products from
    the bed of the wound allowing for a
    ‘cleaner’ sample.
  • Gently move the swab across the wound
    bed surface without touching the edges or
    the surrounding skin. Use a zig-zag motion
    whilst rotating the swab tip.
  • Immediately and carefully, return the swab
    to the collection container.
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15
Q

How keep a wound moisture balance

A
  • Controlling exudate
  • Keep wound bed at optimal moisture level
  • Supports growth of new tissue
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16
Q

What are factors that impact on wound healing

A
  • Dry wound
  • Neutral wound
  • Excessively moist wound
17
Q

What is epithelial (edge) advancement

A
  • Support the healthy granulation tissue to assist proliferating epidermal cells to migrate
  • Epidermal cells require repeated cell division at edge of wound for epitheliasation to occur