Week 4 - Study Guide - Vocab Flashcards
Experiment
a controlled procedure designed to test a hypothesis by manipulating one or more variables to observe their effect on another variable
Situated experiment
an experimental study conducted within a natural, real-world setting, where the researchers actively observe and manipulate variables within the context of the participants’ everyday lives and environments, rather than in a controlled laboratory setting
Quasi-experiment
a type of research design that aims to study the impact of an intervention or treatment
Pre-experimental design
a basic, simple research design where a single group is observed before and after being exposed to a treatment or intervention, lacking a control group, and primarily used to gather preliminary data or explore potential effects before conducting a more rigorous experiment with proper control groups
Ex post facto-retrospective design
a non-experimental study where researchers examine the relationship between variables after an event or change has already occurred
Simulation
a method where a computer model is created to replicate a real-world system or process, allowing researchers to study and test different scenarios or variables
Double-blind study
a study design where neither the participants nor the researchers know which treatment or intervention each participant is receiving
Timeseries design
a study where data is collected on a variable repeatedly over a period of time
Multiple time series
a collection of several related time series variables analyzed together, allowing researchers to study how these variables influence each other over time
Pre-test, post-test, with control group design
a research method where participants in both a treatment group and a control group are measured on a dependent variable before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the treatment is administered to the experimental group
Pre-test, post-test, treatment group only design
a research design where a single group of participants is measured on a dependent variable before (pre-test) and after (post-test) receiving a treatment, with no control group, allowing researchers to assess changes potentially attributed to the treatment within that single group
Post-test, with comparison group design
a research method that involves collecting data from two groups before and after a program, with one group participating in the program and the other serving as a comparison
Solomon four-group design
a research method where participants are randomly assigned to four different groups, two control groups and two experimental groups, allowing researchers to test for the potential bias of a pre-test by comparing results from groups that did and did not receive a pre-test,
Control group vs non-equivalent or comparison group
a “control group” refers to a group in an experiment that does not receive the experimental treatment, allowing researchers to compare the effects of the treatment to a baseline condition, while a “non-equivalent” or “comparison group” is a group used in quasi-experimental designs where participants are not randomly assigned to groups, meaning they might not be directly comparable to the treatment group, thus considered “non-equivalent” to the control group; essentially, a comparison group is used when a true control group with random assignment is not possible
Stable unit treatment value assumption (SUTVA)
a fundamental assumption in causal inference that states that an individual’s potential outcome depends solely on the treatment they received, and is not influenced by the treatments assigned to other individuals in the study
