Week 4 Quiz Flashcards
Isolating barrier
aspect of the environment, genetics, behavior, physiology, or ecology of a species that reduces or impedes gene flow from another species
barriers to gene flow
geographic and reproducitve
reproductive isolation
when very few or no genes are exchanged between populations due to isolating barriers
remote-sensing satellites
greenness, leaf area index, tree cover, canopy height
weather stations
temperature, rain, seasonality
5 big mechanisms of evolution
mutation, natural selection, non-random mating, gene drift, gene flow
mutation
- Random errors (or repair of errors) in a sequence
- Other mechanisms cannot happen w/o genetic variation
natural selection
- Differential reproductive success
- Individuals whose genes work well in the environment will pass their genes on more
- Phenotype environment interaction
non-random mating
- Mating success
- Can be not good in terms of natural selection, but good in terms of sexual selection
genetic drift
- Statistical concept, thus more important in small populations (Large populations should not drift in terms of allele population)
- Changes in allele frequencies due to sampling error, which occurs more frequently in smaller populations
genetic flow
- Movement of individuals into or out of a population
- Must have been members of the reproducing population that they left and the reproducing population that they enter
genetic drift sub-categories
bottleneck and founders effect
bottleneck effect
A large population -> for some reason a lot of them die -> end up with a small population
founders effect
- A small part of the population leaves and goes someplace else
- The smaller the population that leaves, the less representative it will be of the original population
which is different and why
gene flow->genetically homogenizes things
