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Biology 2012 > Week 4: Pseudocoelomate Animals > Flashcards

Week 4: Pseudocoelomate Animals Flashcards

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1
Q

What clade are flatworms in?

A

Platyhelminthes

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2
Q

What type of body cavity do Platyhelminths have?

A

They are acoelomate (no body cavity).

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3
Q

What type of body cavity do Nematodes have?

A

They are pseudo-coelomates (body cavity only partially lined with mesoderm.

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4
Q

What type of body cavity do Rotifers have?

A

They are pseudo-coelomates (body cavity only partially lined with mesoderm.

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5
Q

What type of body cavity do Annelids (segmented worms) have?

A

They are eucoelomate (body cavity completely lined with mesoderm).

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6
Q

What type of body cavity do molluscs have?

A

True coelom.

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7
Q

What type of body cavity do arthropods have?

A

True coelom.

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8
Q

What type of body cavity do Echinoderms have?

A

True coelom.

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9
Q

List the steps in the formation of a coelom.

What are some of the advantages associated with a coelom?

A
  • The blastocoel fills with mesoderm
  • New cavity forms in the mesoderm

A. Provides tube-within-a tube arrangement; allows greater body flexibility. Provides space for visceral organs. Provides greater size and complexity by exposing more cells to surface exchange.

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10
Q

What are the general characteristics of clade Nematoda?

A
  • Round body type that tapers at both ends
  • Longitudinal muscles only
  • Hydrostatic skeleton
  • Extremely abundant
  • Bilaterally symmetrical
  • Organ systems are more developed because of the body cavity
  • Separate sexes (dioecious)
  • Complete digestive tract
  • no circulatory or respiratory system
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11
Q

What are some of the evolutionary advances of clade Nematoda?

A
  • A complete digestive tract - food passes in one direction, allows for more specialized and efficient digestive system.
  • Body cavity - allows for internal organs to develop (mostly reproductive in this case - nematodes have a high reproductive capacity).
  • Longitudinal muscles, more specialized movement
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12
Q

What is the order of the Ascaris reproductive organs (male and female)?

A

Ovaries<(Spicule)

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13
Q

What are the characteristics of Rotifers (clade Rotifera)?

A

-Characterized by a ciliated crown (corona) that gives the appearance of spinning wheels.
-Are multicellular and have a complete digestive tract along with other specialized organ systems (salivary and gastric gland)
-Mastax - bulb-like structure consisting of
many muscles which control a complex set of jaws which consists of hardened proteins.

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14
Q

Ascaris: What is the function of the mouth?

A

Ingestion of food

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15
Q

Ascaris: What is the function of the pharynx?

A

Muscular region of digestive tract that “pumps” food through the mouth and into the intestine.

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16
Q

Ascaris: What is the function of the intestine?

A

Ribbon-like digestive tract where absorption of nutrients occurs.

17
Q

Ascaris: What is the function of the anus?

A

Elimination of indigestible wastes (egestion).

18
Q

Ascaris: What is the function of the lateral lines?

A

Longitudinal canals that function as the excretory system of the roundworm, releasing nitrogenous wastes in the form of ammonia and urea.

19
Q

Ascaris: What is the function of the pseudocoelom?

A

Body cavity lined on the inside by a layer of gastrodermis and on the outside by a layer of mesoderm.

20
Q

Ascaris: What is the function of the testis?

A

produces sperm.

21
Q

Ascaris: What is the function of the vas deferens?

A

stores mature sperm and transports them to seminal vesicle.

22
Q

Ascaris: What is the function of the seminal vesicle?

A

Enlarged tube representing terminal portion of male reproductive tract, which transports mature sperm out of the nematode.

23
Q

Ascaris: What is the function of the genital pore?

A

Point of entry for sperm and opening through which fertilized eggs are released from the body.

24
Q

Ascaris: What is the function of the vagina?

A

Terminal portion of female reproductive tract, which receives sperm from males and directs eggs through genital pore.

25
Q

Ascaris: What is the function of the branched uterus?

A

Site where developing eggs mature before being released.

26
Q

Ascaris: What is the function of the oviduct?

A

Repository for eggs produced in ovary until fertilization.

27
Q

Ascaris: What is the function of the ovary?

A

Produces eggs.

Biology 2012 (10 decks)

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