Week 4- Post Freudian Theories of Personality Flashcards
Who postulated the inferiority Complex?
Alfred Adler
What did Adler say was the main motive for humans?
To overcome feelings of inferiority and obtain superiority.
How does an Inferiority complex come about?
It is the result of physical objects and personal limitations that interfere with one’s need for superiority.
What are the three pathways in getting an Inferiority Complex?
- Organis Inferiority- Defective body.
- Spoiling- Spoilt children may have a personal defect when they come up against an obstacle
- Neglect- A lack of love can foster feelings of worthlessness
What is and who developed the Birth Order?
Adler. The first 5 years set the stage for development. A child’s siblings influence development.
Explain the Birth Order?
First Born- Past oriented. Interested in order and authority. More likely to be at uni and depend on other people.
2nd born- More optimistic about the future. Less likely to be competitive and ambitious
Youngest- High Achievers. More likely to be alcoholics.
Only child- Mature early. Difficulties in not sharing. High self-esteem. P
What 5 things did Adler look at to discover a person’s “Fictions”?
- Birth Order
- Earliest Memory
- Childhood problems
- Dreams
- Expression
Who founded analytic psychology?
Jung
Explain Jung’s unconscious?
It is made up of two parts:
- Personal- A pool of material that has been suppressed
- Collective- The accumulation of inherited experiences we are born with (e.g. Deja Vu, Parallels in dreams)
Explain Jung’s Mother Archetype
An in-built ability to recognise mothering. Symbolised by the earth. If the mother image is not satisfied then you may find comfort in the church.
Explain Jung’s Shadow Archetype
Stems from our animal past. Symbols are the snake, the dragon. It guards the entrance to the cave which is the collective unconscious.
Explain Jung’s Persona Archetype
Represents your public image
Explain Yung’s Anima and Animus
We are initially neither male or female. Society holds us into a gender. The Anima is the female collective unconscious of men (the witch). The Animus is the male collective unconscious of females (the old man).
What are some other Archetypes?
- Father, Child- Represents Family
- Hero- Is guided by the old man
- Animal- Faithfulness
- Trickster- Makes trouble
Explain Jung’s Self Archetype
The ultimate unity of the personality. This is the ultimate goal in life, to be whole.
Explain Jung’s Theory of Personality Development
There is a major change in personality between 35-40 (mid life crisis) First half of life is focused on the objective world, the second half is focused on fulfilling ones capacities.
What were the 4 things Horney disagreed with Freud on?
- Relationship between child and parent was key
- No such thing as developmental stages or inevitable childhood conflicts.
- Childhood is dominated by a need for safety.
- Critical of penis Envy (It’s ‘cause she doesn’t have one maaaaaate)
How is anxiety produced according to Horney?
By Culture and childhood upbringing.
What are the 3 neurotic trends that Horney postulates?
- Moving TOWARDS people
- Moving AGAINST people (Power)
- Moving AWAY from people (withdrawal)
What are Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages of development?
- Infancy- Trust v Mistrust
- Early Childhood- Autonomy v Shame
- Play Age- Initiative v Guilt
- School Age- Industry v Inferiority
- Adolescence- Identity v Role Confusion
- Young Adulthood- Intimacy v Isolation
- Middle Age- Generatively v Stagnation
- Maturity/ Old Age- Integrity v Despair
Who developed Ego Psychology?
Erikson
