Week 4 OSHA glossary

Question 1

human blood, human blood components, and products made from human blood

Answer 1

blood

Question 2

microscopic organisms in human blood and body fluids that can cause disease in humans. They include Human Immunodeficiency (HIV) and Hepatitis-B (HBV) viruses plus others

Answer 2

bloodborne pathogens

Question 3

those that the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) identify as directly linked to passing on diseases like HIV and HBV. These include: blood, blood products, semen, vaginal secretions, fluids of the brain and spine, synovial fluid, pleural fluid, pericardial fluid, peritoneal fluid, amniotic fluid, saliva, and any body fluid that is visibly contaminated with blood.

Answer 3

body fluids

Question 4

any substance or agent producing or inciting the development of cancerous growth in living tissue

Answer 4

carcinogen

Question 5

any element, chemical compound or mixture of elements and/or compounds

Answer 5

chemical

Question 6

an employer with a workplace where chemical(s) are produced for use of distribution

Answer 6

chemical manufacturer

Question 7

the scientific designations of a chemical in accordance with the nomenclature system developed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) or the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) rules of nomenclature, or a name which will clearly identify the chemical for the purpose of conducting a hazard evaluation

Answer 7

chemical name

Question 8

any liquid having a flashpoint at or above 100 degrees F (37.8 degrees C), but below 200 degrees F (93.3 degrees C), or higher, the total volume of which make up 99 percent or more of the total volume of the mixture

Answer 8

combustible liquid

Question 9

any designation or identification such as code name, code number, trade name, brand name, or generic name used to identify a chemical other than by its chemical name

Answer 9

common name

Question 10

(1) a gas or mixture of gases having, in a container, an absolute pressure exceeding 40 psi at 70 degrees F (21.1 degrees C); or (2) a gas or mixture of gases having, in a container, an absolute pressure exceeding 104 psi at 130 degrees F (54.4 degrees C) regardless of the pressure at 70 degrees (21.1 degrees C); or (3) a liquid having a vapor pressure exceeding 40 psi at 100 degrees F (37.8 degrees C) as determined by ASTM D-323-72

Answer 10

compressed gas

Question 11

any bag, barrel, bottle, box, can, cylinder, drum, reaction vessel, storage tank, or the like that contains a hazardous chemical

Answer 11

container

Question 12

the presence or the reasonably anticipated presence of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item or surface

Answer 12

contaminated

Question 13

any contaminated object that can penetrate the skin including, but not limited to needles, scalpels, broken, broken capillary tubes and exposed ends of dental wires

Answer 13

contaminated sharps

Question 14

the presence, or probable presence, of blood or other materials that may be infectious, on an item or surface

Answer 14

contamination

Question 15

any substance that causes visible destruction, or irreversible alterations, in living tissue by chemical action

Answer 15

corrosive

Question 16

blood or body fluid contact with chapped, abraded, or otherwise non-intact skin

Answer 16

cutaneous exposure

Question 17

the process of removing, inactivating, or destroying bloodborne pathogens on a surface or item to the point where they can no longer pass on infections. Physical or chemical means may be used in this process, which makes surfaces and items safe for handling, use, or disposal

Answer 17

decontamination

Question 18

a business, other than a chemical manufacturer or importer, which supplies hazardous chemicals to other distributors or to employees

Answer 18

distributor

Question 19

a worker who may be exposed to hazardous chemicals under normal operating conditions or in foreseeable emergencies. Workers such as office workers who encounter hazardous chemicals only in non-routine, isolated instances are not covered

Answer 19

employee

Question 20

a person engaged in a business where chemicals are either used, distributed, or are produced for use or distribution, including a contractor or subcontractor

Answer 20

employer

Question 21

any controls (e.g. sharps disposal containers, self-sheathing needles) that isolate or remove the bloodborne pathogens hazard from the workplace

Answer 21

engineering controls

Question 22

situation requiring immediate action or urgency: when these exist the funeral provider might embalm without permission

Answer 22

exigent circumstances

Question 23

a chemical that causes a sudden, almost instantaneous release of pressure, gas, and heat when subjected to sudden shock, pressure, or high temperature

Answer 23

explosive

Question 24

a specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non-intact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that results from the performance of an employee’s duties

Answer 24

exposure incident

Question 25

an employee is subjected in the course of employment to a chemical that is a physical or health hazard, and includes potential (e.g., accidental or possible) exposure. "Subjected" in terms of health hazards includes any route of entry (e.g., inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, or absorption)

Answer 25

exposure / exposed

Question 26

(1) Aerosol, means an aerosol that, when tested yields a flame projection exceeding 18 inches at full valve opening, or a flashback (a flame extending back to the valve) at any degree of valve opening, (2) Gas, means a gas that, at ambient temperature and pressure forms a flammable mixture with air at a concentration of 13 percent by volume, (3) Liquid, means any liquid having a flashpoint below 100 degrees F (37.8 degrees C), the total of which makes up 99 percent or more of the total volume of the mixture, (4) Solid, means a solid, other than a blasting agent or explosive that is liable to cause fire through friction, absorption of moisture, spontaneous chemical change, retained heat, or which can be ignited readily and when ignited burns so vigorously and persistently as to create a serious hazard

Answer 26

flammable

Question 27

any potential occurrence such as, but not limited to, equipment failure, rupture of containers, or failure of control equipment which could result in an uncontrolled release of a hazardous chemical into the workplace

Answer 27

foreseeable emergency

Question 28

facilities providing an adequate supply of running water, soap, and single use towels or hot air drying machines

Answer 28

handwashing facilities

Question 29

any words, pictures, symbols, or combination thereof appearing on a label or other appropriate form of warning which convey the specific health hazard(s) including target organ effects, of the chemical(s) in the container(s)

Answer 29

hazard warning

Question 30

any chemical which is a physical hazard or a health hazard

Answer 30

hazardous chemical

Question 31

HBV

Answer 31

Hepatitis B Virus

Question 32

a chemical for which there is statistically significant evidence based on at least one study conducted that acute or chronic health effects may occur in exposed employees

Answer 32

health hazard

Question 33

chemicals acting on the blood

Answer 33

hematotoxins

Question 34

chemicals capable of producing liver damage

Answer 34

hepatotoxins

Question 35

HIV

Answer 35

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Question 36

means any chemical or common name which is indicated on the Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for the chemical. It shall permit cross-references to be made among the required list of hazardous chemicals and the SDS

Answer 36

identity

Question 37

the hazardous chemical will be under the control of and used only by the person who transfers it from a labeled container and only within the work shift in which it is transferred

Answer 37

immediate use

Question 38

any material which at the site of contact causes a reversible inflammatory effect on living tissue by chemical action

Answer 38

irritant

Question 39

any written, printed, or graphic material displayed on or affixed to containers of hazardous chemicals

Answer 39

label

Question 40

any combination of two or more chemicals if the combination is not, in whole or in part, the result of a chemical reaction

Answer 40

mixture

Question 41

blood or body fluid contact with the surface of the eye or mucous membranes of the nose or mouth

Answer 41

mucous membrane exposure

Question 42

chemicals capable of damaging the kidneys

Answer 42

nephrotoxins

Question 43

chemicals producing primary toxic effects on the nervous system

Answer 43

neurotoxins

Question 44

contact with contaminated blood or other infectious materials on the job. It can involve exposure of the eyes, mouth, or other mucous membrane, or exposure through skin that has been scraped, cut, punctured, or injured in any way

Answer 44

occupational exposure

Question 45

an organic compound containing the bivalent O-O structure and which may be considered a peroxide derivative with one or both of the hydrogen atoms replaced by an organic molecule. They are a dangerous fire and explosive risk

Answer 45

organic peroxide

Question 46

a substance that initiates or promotes combustion in other materials, thereby causing fire either of itself or through the release of oxygen or other gases

Answer 46

oxidizer

Question 47

piercing mucous membranes or the skin barrier through such events as needlesticks, human bites, cuts, and abrasions

Answer 47

parenteral

Question 48

contaminated needlestick or puncture, cuts with sharp objects contaminated with blood or body fluid

Answer 48

percutaneous exposure

Question 49

specialized clothing or equipment that an employee wears to protect against a hazard. General work clothing, like pants, shirts, or blouses, are not considered _____ because they are not intended to protect against bloodborne pathogens and other hazards

Answer 49

personal protective equipment

Question 50

a chemical for which there is scientifically valid evidence that it is a combustible liquid, a compressed gas, explosive, flammable, an organic peroxide, an oxidizer, pyrophoric, unstable or water reactive

Answer 50

physical hazard

Question 51

a chemical that will ignite spontaneously in air at a temperature of 130 degrees F (54.4 degrees C) or below

Answer 51

pyrophoric

Question 52

poisonous chemicals having harmful effects on the reproductive system

Answer 52

reproductive toxins

Question 53

someone who can provide additional information on the hazardous chemical and appropriate emergency procedures, if necessary

Answer 53

responsible party

Question 54

written or printed material concerning a hazardous chemical

Answer 54

Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

Question 55

any material that after repeated exposure on people or animals causes a substantial number of exposed people or animals to develop an allergic reaction in normal tissue

Answer 55

sensitizer

Question 56

any poisonous material that causes harmful effects on the body through ingestion, inhalation, or physical contact

Answer 56

toxic or highly toxic agent

Question 57

safety procedures to be followed in the handling of human remains, blood, and body fluids. These procedures are based on the required assumption that all human remains may be infected with HIV or HBV virus or other bloodborne pathogens

Answer 57

universal precautions

Question 58

a chemical which in the pure state, or as produced or transported, will vigorously polymerize, decompose, condense, or will become self-reactive under conditions of shocks, pressure, or temperature

Answer 58

unstable

Question 59

a chemical that reacts with water to release a gas that is either flammable or presents a health hazard

Answer 59

water reactive

Question 60

a room or defined space in a workplace where hazardous chemicals are produced or used, and where employees are present

Answer 60

work area

Question 61

an establishment, job site, or project, at one geographical location containing one or more work areas

Answer 61

workplace