Week 4 - NB lecture

Question 1

Test and check VDRL for what disease?

Answer 1

syphilis

Question 2

Group B Strep is cx at ___-___ wks gestation

Answer 2

35-36

Question 3

___ in mom typically presents as cold-type symptoms, but can have mental retardation effects in newborns.

Answer 3

Rubella

Question 4

____ ___ can cross the placenta and if unknown or uncured, can cause liver failure/damage down the road.

Answer 4

Hepatitis B

Question 5

Chlamydia is tx’ed w/opthalmic ___ and oral ___.

Answer 5

erythromycin, erythromycin

Question 6

Normal apgar score between: ___-___.

Answer 6

8-10

Question 7

The ___ the score, the worse-off the newborn.

Answer 7

lower

Question 8

Apgar scoring should continue until a final score of ___ or more is reached.

Answer 8

7

Question 9

C-sec babies do not reabsorb pulmonary fluid like vag births do and have the potential to cause ___ or “wet lungs”.

Answer 9

aspiration

Question 10

The Ballard exam measures the ___ level of the newborn and looks at ___ and ___ characteristics.

Answer 10

maturity, physical, neuromuscular

Question 11

SGA = \_\_\_
AGA = \_\_\_-\_\_\_
LGA = \_\_\_

Answer 11

10%
10-90%
90%

Question 12

Normal “square window” on infant’s wrist is ___ degrees.

Answer 12

45

Question 13

The more creases along the foot = the ___ mature the infant.

Answer 13

more

Question 14

The more lanugo (hair on neck) = the ___ mature the infant.

Answer 14

less

Question 15

Cold stress, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, and polycythemia are ___ risk factors.

Answer 15

SGA

Question 16

Shoulder dystocia, birth trauma, hypoglycemia, and polycythemia are ___ risk factors.

Answer 16

LGA

Question 17

Normal vitals in infants:
HR: ___-___
RR: ___-___
Temp: ___-___ (celsius)

Answer 17

120-160
30-60
36.5-37.3

Question 18

Temperature in NB can be impaired by ___, ___, and ___.

Answer 18

hypoxia, sedatives, anesthetics

Question 19

The larger the surface area of the body, the ___ heat loss.

Answer 19

more

Question 20

For general appearance of respiratory, look for ___, ___, and ___.

Answer 20

grunting, flaring, retracting

Question 21

Erythema toxicum is a normal NB ___ and usually gets worse before better. Disappears in about 2 wks.

Answer 21

rash

Question 22

Mongolian spot (or ___ ___ ___) is a ___/___ spot that causes a darkened pigmented area and usually goes away on its own.

Answer 22

slate blue nevy, brown/blue

Question 23

___ ___ are darkened freckles usually appearing on African-American NB and is a normal finding.

Answer 23

Pustular melanosis

Question 24

___ ___ is a cottage cheese like substance found on NB when comes out of utero and is a normal protective lubricant.

Answer 24

Vernix caseosa

Question 25

___ is when the hands and feet are blue after delivery and is normal.

Answer 25

acrocyanosis

Question 26

Vesicles seen on the trunk is typically seen in ___ and is assumed that until cultured and proven otherwise. Treated w/___.

Answer 26

Herpes, acyclovir

Question 27

When listening to NB’s heart, listen to ___, ___, ___, and ___.

Answer 27

RUSB, LUSB, LLSB, apex

Question 28

Cardiac impulse w/in first 24 hrs post-delivery heard and felt best at ___.

Answer 28

xiphoid

Question 29

The ___ heart sound is usually not split in first 3 hrs of life and will hear ___ and ___ at same time.

Answer 29

second, S1, S2

Question 30

___ murmurs common in first 48 hrs.

Answer 30

Systolic

Question 31

Rales should disappear after ___-___ hrs of life.

Answer 31

2-4

Question 32

Diaphragmatic hernia is where there is a ___ in the diaphragm, so the intestines move into the ___ and compress on the ___.

Answer 32

hole, chest, lungs

Question 33

___ is where air escapes into a collapsed lung. Breath sounds will be ___ or ___.

Answer 33

Pneumothorax, diminished, absent

Question 34

___ ___ is where there is weak musculature of the diaphragm muscles, creating an ___ that is normal.

Answer 34

diastasus recti, outpouching

Question 35

Mucous drainage is common in first ___ days. However, question infection if eyes are ___ and ___.

Answer 35

2, swollen, red

Question 36

The organism, ___ is common after vaginal delivery.

Answer 36

E-coli

Question 37

Red reflexes r/o ___.

Answer 37

retinoblastoma

Question 38

Epicanthal folds can be indicative of ___ ___ if seen in non-asian NB.

Answer 38

down syndrome

Question 39

___ ___ are broken blood vessels in eyes d/t normal trauma from delivery.

Answer 39

Subconjunctival hemorrhages

Question 40

Bruising and hematomas should be monitored, bc they can lead to ___.

Answer 40

jaundice

Question 41

___ does NOT cross the suture line, whereas ___ does, so have to be careful for bleeding and ___.

Answer 41

Cephalhematoma, caput, jaundice

Question 42

___ ___ is a blockage of the nares where baby is unable to breathe thru nose. Could be indicative if baby turns blue while ___.

Answer 42

Coanal atresia, eating

Question 43

W/preauricular ___ ___, think ___-related and get renal ___.

Answer 43

skin tags, kidney, u/s

Question 44

___ is a ligament under the ___ that prevents baby from breastfeeding well.

Answer 44

Angkyloglossia, tongue

Question 45

___ means “short jaw” and can cause difficulty in latching on or breastfeeding.

Answer 45

Micrognathia

Question 46

___ is where the neck muscle is shortened d/t a fixed position in utero. Must work w/PT to fix.

Answer 46

Torticollis

Question 47

T or F: A broken clavicle will mend itself.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

A brachial-plexus injury can usually heal, whereas a ___ can cause permanent damage

Answer 48

tear

Question 49

Want to check b/p in ___ ext of NB.

Answer 49

right

Question 50

For abdomen and GI, assess ___, ___, ___, and ___ edge.

Answer 50

symmetry, distention, masses, liver’s

Question 51

Liver’s edge should be ___ cm below right costal margin. Anything beyond that could be a sign of liver ___.

Answer 51

2, enlargement

Question 52

Should be ___ arteries and ___ vein in the umbilical cord. Falls off between ___-___ days.

Answer 52

2, 1, 7-14

Question 53

___ ___ is where the NB has no anus and is a surgical emergency to place a ___.

Answer 53

Imperforate anus, colostomy

Question 54

___ is fluid around the testicles, which is eventually reabsorbed and can take up to a ___.

Answer 54

Hydroceles, year

Question 55

With ___ ___, you can’t tell if it’s male or female, so must do ___ to see if ovaries or testicles are present.

Answer 55

Ambiguous genitalia, u/s

Question 56

___ is where the urethral meatus is at the 6:00 position on the shaft of the penis.

Answer 56

Hypospadius

Question 57

___ skin tag is over-exposure to ___ and is commonly seen in female NB.

Answer 57

Hyman, estrogen

Question 58

NB should void w/in ___ hrs of birth, otherwise perform renal ___.

Answer 58

24, u/s

Question 59

NB should only poop in utero if they are in ___.

Answer 59

distress

Question 60

___ is a GI medical emergency where there is a twist/strangulation of the intestines.

Answer 60

Volvulus

Question 61

Galiazzi test checks for symmetry of the ___. Barlow maneuver checks for ___ of the ___. Ortolani maneuver checks for reduction/___ of the ___.

Answer 61

knees, dislocation, hips, dysplasia, hips

Question 62

Need to check that pilonidal dimple is attached to base, so that it does not leak ___ ___.

Answer 62

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 63

Common features of trisomy 21: ___ fold, ___ spacing in toes, ___-set ears, ___ pinky digit.

Answer 63

epicanthal, wide, low, short

Question 64

The ___ exam is where you gently drop baby’s head and watch for ___ shape in arms.

Answer 64

Morrow, C

Question 65

___ reflex is when the baby turns it’s head towards the side being touched.

Answer 65

Rooting

Question 66

NB’s blood sugar should be above ___. Risk factors for hypoglycemia include: ___, ___, and infants of ___ moms.

Answer 66

45, SGA, LGA, diabetic

Question 67

Symptoms of ___ include: jittery, tachypnea, hypotonic, poor feeding, apnea, temp instability

Answer 67

hypoglycemia

Question 68

In NB, check BS every ___ x ___. If hypoglycemic, feed w/colostrum or formula. F/u w/glucose ___ mins after feeding.

Answer 68

hour, 3, 30

Question 69

Hyperbilirubinemia can be caused by either increased ___ or decreased ___.

Answer 69

production, elimination

Question 70

Tx for hyperbili: bili ___ and bili ___. NB excretes it by ___.

Answer 70

lights, blanket, pooping

Question 71

RBC breakdown l/t ___. Bilirubin is bound to ___ and transported to the ___. Excreted into the ___ where it is eliminated.

Answer 71

bilirubin, albumin, liver, gut

Question 72

Infants less than ___ wks gestation and who are ___ are at highest risk for hyperbilirubinemia.

Answer 72

38, breastfed

Question 73

Jaundice w/in 24 hrs, east asian descent, blood group incompatibility, sibling received phototherapy, gestation 35-36 wks, cephalhematoma/bruising, and breastfeeding can all be major risk factors for ___.

Answer 73

hyperbilirubinemia

Question 74

Other risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia include: ___ birth wt, ___, ___, and ___ disorders.

Answer 74

low, polycythemia, infection, genetic

Question 75

Think ___ when jaundice is present.

Answer 75

sepsis

Question 76

NB needs to have ___ urination and ___ stool before discharge.

Answer 76

one, one

Question 77

Feedings should be ___-___/day. Wet diapers should be ___-___/day. Stools should be ___/___ and should be ___-___/day (minimum).

Answer 77

8-12, 6-8, yellow/seedy, 3-4

Question 78

APGAR stands for:

Answer 78

Activity (muscle/tone), pulse, grimace (reflex irritability), appearance (skin color), respiration

Question 79

Growth parameters on a NB include what 3 things?

Answer 79

height/length, weight, head circumference

Question 80

V/S on a NB include what 3 things?

Answer 80

pulse, temp, respirs (b/p not usually indicated)

Question 81

What would a weak/absent femoral pulse possibly indicate?

Bounding pulses could indicate a ___ ___ ___.

Answer 81

coarctation of the aorta, patent ductus arteriosus

Question 82

What is the best route to take a temp in NB?

Answer 82

tympanic

Question 83

Respirs can vary according to what other measurement?

Answer 83

HR

Question 84

Preterm infants may appear more ___ in skin color d/t less SQ fat.

Answer 84

red

Question 85

The spaces that separate the cranial bones are called ___.

Answer 85

sutures

Question 86

Anterior fontanelle if bulging is ___ and could indicate elevated ___ ___, such as in hydrocephalus. It is normal if NB is crying.

Answer 86

abnormal, intracranial pressure

Question 87

Anterior fontanelle if depressed is ___ and could indicate ___.

Answer 87

abnormal, dehydration

Question 88

Small hemmorhages on the sclera after birth is ___.

Answer 88

normal

Question 89

Pupils are often ___ and do not respond well to light until week ___ of life.

Answer 89

constricted, 3

Question 90

The tip of the ear should be at or above the ___ line.

Answer 90

canthal

Question 91

Preaurical skin tags or pits can be associated w/___ abnormalities.

Answer 91

renal

Question 92

NB should ___ at sudden loud noises, like clapping or snapping your fingers.

Answer 92

blink

Question 93

Most NB’s are ___ breathers.

Answer 93

nasal

Question 94

Epstein’s pearls are ___ in color and are a normal finding in NB that can show up on ___ and ___.

Answer 94

white,gums, palate

Question 95

Respirs are typically intra-___.

Answer 95

abdominal

Question 96

Intercostal retractions could indicate respiratory ___.

Answer 96

distress

Question 97

When percussing lungs, sound should be ___-___.

Answer 97

hyper-resonant

Question 98

Breath sounds are ___ pitched than adults.

Answer 98

higher

Question 99

Persistent cyanosis could indicate ___ ___ ___.

Answer 99

congenital heart disease

Question 100

Acrocyanosis is a sign that the infant is ___.

Answer 100

cold

Question 101

The apical impulse is near the ___ process.

Answer 101

xiphoid

Question 102

When auscultating HR, listen for ___ and ___ sounds, ___, and ___.

Answer 102

S1, S2, splitting, murmurs

Question 103

Some murmurs are normal, but if heard should be ___ to a cardiologist.

Answer 103

referred

Question 104

NB abdomen is normally ___ and larger than chest.

Answer 104

protuberant

Question 105

To relax the abdomen while palpating, flex ___ up.

Answer 105

knees

Question 106

Liver typically ___ cm below the right ___ ___.

Answer 106

2, costal margin

Question 107

Skin turgor should snap back and return to color w/in ___-___ seconds.

Answer 107

1-2

Question 108

If passage of meconium does not occur w/in ___ hrs of birth, perform a rectal exam.

Answer 108

12

Question 109

The ___ test checks for hip dysplasia. Place legs in ___ position and then gently push flexed knees towards exam table. A ___ sound would indicate dislocation.

Answer 109

ortalani, flexed, click

Question 110

The ___ test checks for hip dislocation. Place legs in ___ position and gently push down on legs. A ___ sound wound indicate dislocation.

Answer 110

barlow, flexed, click

Question 111

When assessing bottom of feet, line should cross between ___ and ___ toe going from heel straight up.

Answer 111

second, third

Question 112

Check for a dimple or tuft of hair at spinal/sacral region, which could indicate ___ ___.

Answer 112

spina bifida

Question 113

The ___ reflex is where you gently pull on NB arms and quickly let go. Infant should reflex into a ___ shape w/arms and legs typically ___ simultaneously.

Answer 113

Moro, C, extend

Question 114

The ___ ___ reflex is where the head is turned to one side. The arm and leg to which the head is turned ___, while the opposite arm and leg ___.

Answer 114

tonic neck, extend, flex

Question 115

The ___ reflex is where a finger is ran down one side of infant’s back and the ___ turns to that side.

Answer 115

galant, trunk

Question 116

The ___ reflex is where one foot is placed on the table, and the baby automatically performs a stepping movement w/the opposite foot.

Answer 116

stepping

Question 117

The ___ ___ reflex is where the baby is held up and the head should remain ___, while the legs ___.

Answer 117

vertical suspension, midline, flex