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BIOL 1203 > Week 4: Lymphatic System > Flashcards

Week 4: Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

4 Components of Lymphatic System

A

Lymph
Vessels
Nodes
Organs

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2
Q

Organs of Lymphatic System

A

Spleen, Thymus, Tonsils

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3
Q

Functions of L System

A

Fluid regulation, (excess interstitial fluid to cardiovascular)
Immunity
Transport of dietary fats (small intestine to blood)

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4
Q

Relationship to Cardiovascular System

A

Starts in tissues
Picks up fluid
Puts fluid into veins

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5
Q

Where is Lymph fluid from?

A

Plasma, proteins, WBC leak from capillaries into tissue fluid.
Lymphatic vessels pick up excess tissue fluid - now lymph.
Will drain back into CV system and become plasma again.

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6
Q

Function of Lymph Nodes

A

WBC filter out foreign bodies in lymph

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7
Q

Tonsils

A

Large lymph nodes

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8
Q

Thymus

A

Produces T lymphocytes
1/2 Primary Lymphoid Organs

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9
Q

Spleen

A

Filters foreign material from blood

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10
Q

Red Bone Marrow

A

Produces B lymphocytes
1/2 Primary Lymphoid Organs

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11
Q

Resistance

A

Ability to prevent disease

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12
Q

Susceptibility

A

Lack of resistance

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13
Q

Pathogens

A

Living things that can cause disease

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14
Q

Disease

A

When pathogens invade cells taking over their machinery - cannot function

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15
Q

Non-Specific Defense

A

Responds the same way to different things. Doesn’t adapt.
Innate Immunity

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16
Q

Specific Defense

A

Different for everyone.
Adapts.
Adaptive Immunity

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17
Q

Innate Immunity

A

Constantly working
Quick

18
Q

Adaptive Immunity

A

Takes longer to start working.
Specific ex: chicken pox.

19
Q

Innate: 1st line of defense

A

Physical barriers: skin, saliva
Chemical barriers: Lysozyme, acidic pH of skin.

20
Q

Innate: 2nd line of defense

A

Antimicrobial substances (complement proteins)
Cytokines
Phagocytes
Fever
Inflammation

21
Q

Third Line of Defense

A

Adaptive/Specific.
T & B cells
Antibodies

22
Q

Lysozyme

A

Enzyme that breaks down bacteria
!st line of defense - chemical

23
Q

Compliment Proteins

A

Inactive in the blood.
Activate other complement proteins
Kills bacteria by making holes
2nd line of defense

24
Q

Cytokines

A

2nd line of defense.
Soluble proteins that signal cells
Ex: Interferon (sacrifices itself)

25
Q

Phagocytosis

A

Neutrophils: Leaves blood first, eat lot, die fast.
Macrophages: Takes 2 days, stay longer. Become APC.

26
Q

Antigen-Presenting Cells

A

Present antigen (peptide) to T cells

27
Q

Inflammation

A

Destroy, prevent spread, begin repair.
Histamine (released in tissue, vasodilation, more blood, fluid leaking)

28
Q

Fever

A

Inhibits growth of bacteria
Speeds up chemical reactions
WBC activated, release cytokines to brain (hypothalamus)

29
Q

Immunological Memory

A

Primary immune response is slow
Secondary immune response is quicker - memory cell formation, specific to antigen.

30
Q

Antigen

A

Substances that trigger an immune response

31
Q

Antigen Recognition

A

Antibodies, B & T cells can bind antigens

32
Q

B & T Differentiation

A

Stem cells in bone marrow/fetal liver.
1/2 to thymus = T cells
1/2 stay in bone marrow = B Cells

33
Q

Humoral Immunity

A

Foreign material loose in plasma and intersistial fluid
B Cells

34
Q

Cellular Immunity

A

Foreign material inside cells
T Cells recognize antigen on surface of host cell.

35
Q

B Cell Activation

A

“Naive” Lymphocyte binds and is activated.
Binds to antigen in extracellular fluid.
Lymphocyte replicates and differentiates into activated and memory cells.

36
Q

T Cell Activation

A

“Naive” lymphocyte binds and is activated.
Binds to antigen on surface of abnormal cell.
Cytotoxic - virus-infected or cancer cells.
Helper - antigen presenting cells.
Replicates and differentiates into activated and memory cells.

37
Q

Activated B Cells

A

Plasma Cells
Produce antibodies, tag pathogen for destruction

38
Q

How do Antibodies protect us?

A

Agglutination
Opsonization
Complement Activation
Ab-Dependent Cell Mediated Toxicity
Neutrilization

39
Q

Agglutination (Protective)

A

Reduces number of infectious units to be dealt with

40
Q

Opsonization

A

BIOL 1203 (3 decks)

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