WEEK 4: LOWER QUADRANT RANGE OF MOTION Flashcards
Describe the articular surface of the joints of the vertebral bodies
The articulating surfaces of adjacent vertebrae are connected by intervertebral discs
Define: anulus fibrosis
anulus fibrosus is a fibrous ring consisting of concentric lamellae of fibrocartilage
Define: nucleus pulposus
nucleus pulposus is the core of the IV disc
Describe the articular surface of the joints of the vertebral arches (zygapophysial joints)
Articular surface: zygapophysial joints (facet joints) - These articulations between the superior and inferior articular processes of adjacent vertebrae
Describe the following for the lumbar vertebrae
- DOF
- osteokinematics
- capsular pattern
- open packed position
- close packed position
- DOF: 3
- Osteokinematics: flexion/extension; lateral flexion; rotation
- Capsular pattern: Side flexion and rotation equally limited extension
- Open packed position: midway between flexion and extension
- Close packed position: full extension
sacroiliac joint
- classification
- articular surface
- DOF
- osteokinematics
- Classification: anterior synovial joint; posterior syndesmosis
- Articular surface: anterior auricular surfaces of the sacrum and ilium; posterior aspect between the tuberosities of these bones
- DOF: 3
- Osteokinematics: anterior/posterior rotation (occurs in the oblique plane)
- Capsular pattern: pain when joints are stressed
- Open packed position: neutral
- Close packed position: anterior rotation of the innominate on the sacrum
pubic symphysis articular surface
Articular surface: bodies of the pubic bone and fibrocartilaginous interpubic disc
describe why passive range of motion in the pelvis is not true passive movement
They are not true passive movements, like those done at other joints, but are in reality stress or provocative tests.
The passive movements of the pelvic joints involve stressing of the ligaments and the joints themselves
Hip joint
- classification
- articular surface
- DOF
- osteokinematics
- capsular pattern
- open packed position
- close packed position
Classification:
- Multiaxial ball and socket joint
- Synovial joint
Articular surface: Round head of the femur articulates with the cup-like acetabulum of the hip bone
DOF: 3
Osteokinematics: flexion/extension; abduction/adduction; internal/external
Capsular pattern: flexion, abduction, medial rotation
Open packed position: 30 deg flexion, 30 deg abduction, slight lateral rotation
Close packed position: full extension, medial rotation, and abduction
tibiofemoral joint
- type
- articular surface
- DOF
- osteokinematics
- capsular pattern
- open pack position
- close pack position
- type: Modified hinge joint and synovial joint
- Articular surface: Two femorotibial articulations between the lateral and the medial femoral and tibial condyles
- DOF: 3
- Osteokinematics: flexion/extension; internal/external rotation; abduction/adduction; anterior/posterior translation; medial/lateral translation; compression/distraction
- Capsular pattern: flexion/extension
- Open pack position: 25 degree flexion
- Close pack position: full extension, lateral rotation of tibia
patellofemoral joint
- type
- articular surface
- Synovial
- Patellofemoral articulation between the patella and the femur
superior tibiofibular joint
- classification
- articular surface
- Classification: plane type synovial joint
- Articular surface: between the flat facet on the fibular head and a similar articular facet located postero-laterally on the lateral tibial condyle
- Slight movement of the joint occurs during dorsiflexion of the foot
inferior tibiofibular joint
- joint type
- articular surface
Compound fibrous joint
Articular surface: medial surface of the inferior end of the fibula articulates with a facet on the inferior end of the tibia
Talocrural (ankle) Joint
- joint type
- articular surface
- DOF
- osteokinematics
- capsular pattern
- open packed position
- close packed position
- Hinge type synovial joint
- Articular surface: The medial surface of the lateral malleolus articulates with the lateral surface of the talus
- The tibia articulates with the talus in two places:
- Its inferior surface forms the roof of the malleolar mortise, transferring the body’s weight to the talus
- Its medial malleolus articulates with the medial surface of the talus.
- DOF: 1
- Osteokinematics: dorsiflexion/plantar flexion
- Capsular pattern: plantarflexion, dorsiflexion
- Open packed position: 10° plantar flexion, midway between inversion and eversion
- Close packed position: dorsiflexion
subtalar joint (talocalcaneal)
- type
- articular surface
- DOF
- osteokinematics
- capsular pattern
- open packed position
- close packed position
- Synovial joint
- Articular Surface: Inferior surface of body of talus (posterior calcaneal articular facet) articulates with superior surface (posterior talar articular surface) of calcaneus
- DOF: 1
- Osteokinematics: inversion/eversion
- Capsular pattern: limited ROM (varus, valgus)
- Open packed position: midway between extremes of range of motion
- Close packed position: supination
