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TERM 3 N2160 SKILLS 3 > WEEK 4 ID & IM > Flashcards

WEEK 4 ID & IM Flashcards

1
Q

What are two reasons intradermal injections are used?

A
  1. Allergy testing
  2. TB testing (Mantoux)
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2
Q

What size needle is used for ID injections?

A

The smallest available; usually 1/2”

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3
Q

What size syringe is used for ID injections?

A

1 ml

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4
Q

What are 2 most common sites for ID injections?

A

Inner forearm, upper back

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5
Q

How is the needle inserted for ID injections?

A

Do not insert all the way to the hub; insert only the tip of the needle, ensuring the bevel is under the skin

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6
Q

How are the results of ID injections read?

A

After 48-72 hours, by measuring the diameter of the induration

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7
Q

What is not measured when reading ID injection results?

A

Erythema

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8
Q

How should the skin be held during ID injection?

A

Taut

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9
Q

How should the needle be inserted in ID injections?

A

Bevel up, at 5-15 degrees, or as close to parallel with the skin as possible

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10
Q

What does it mean if a wheal does not form with ID injections?

A

The medication has been administered too deep and the injection must be redone

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11
Q

Why should you not massage the area after administering an ID injection?

A

This will displace the medication and lead to inaccurate results

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12
Q

How long of a needle should be used for IM injections?

A

1 to 1-1/2”

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13
Q

What are 3 common IM injection sites?

A
  1. Deltoid
  2. Vastus lateralis
  3. Ventrogluteal
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14
Q

What is the maximum injectable volume for IM injections into the deltoid muscle?

A

1 ml

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15
Q

What are the two landmarks used for locating the deltoid muscle for IM injections?

A
  1. Acromion process
  2. Axilla
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16
Q

Using the vastus lateralis muscle is preferred for which age group?

A

Infants and children

17
Q

What is the safe injectable volume for the vastus lateralis muscle?

A

3 ml

18
Q

Why should you not have the patient standing up for an injection into the vastus lateralis muscle?

A

Because it would flex the muscle and the muscle needs to be relaxed

19
Q

Which 2 landmarks are used for locating the vastus lateralis muscle?

A
  1. Greater trochanter
  2. Knee
20
Q

Where is the injection site located between the greater trochanter and the knee?

A

The outer aspect of the middle third

21
Q

Which two muscles are used at the ventrogluteal site for IM injections?

A

Gluteus minimus and medius

22
Q

Why is the ventrogluteal site preferable for adults?

A

Safest and least painful site as it is free of major nerves and blood vessels

23
Q

What is the safe injectable volume for the ventrogluteal site?

A

3 ml

24
Q

How should the patient be positioned for injection to the ventrogluteal site?

A

On their side with top leg bent at knee

25
Q

What are the 3 landmarks for finding the ventrogluteal site?

A
  1. Greater trochanter
  2. Iliac crest
  3. Anterior-superior iliac spine
26
Q

What is another term for the iliac crest?

A

Hip bone

27
Q

How would you find the anterior-superior iliac spine?

A

From the iliac crest slide your hands downward on the front

28
Q

How would you landmark the ventrogluteal site?

A

With your palm on the greater trochanter and your thumb pointing to the groin, point your index finger to the iliac spine.

Fan your middle finger out. Between the two fingers is the injection site

29
Q

How might the patient’s mobility status affect which IM injection site is chosen?

A

Nonambulatory patients may have atrophied ventrogluteal/vastus lateralis muscles

30
Q

Why should scar tissue be avoided for IM injection?

A

Limited blood vessels

31
Q

Why is palpation of the site important when giving IM injections?

A

Hardening may indicate tissue damage and the site should be avoided

32
Q

What are 3 advantages to the SC route of injection?

A
  1. Less risk for injury
  2. Less pain
  3. Easier to landmark
33
Q

What are 4 advantages to the IM route of injection?

A
  1. Greater variety of meds
  2. Larger dosage volume
  3. Faster acting
  4. Less irritating
34
Q

Why is the Z-track method used for IM injection?

A

If the med is irritating or causes staining

35
Q

What are 2 examples of medications that the Z-track method should be used for?

A

Demerol, Iron Dextran

TERM 3 N2160 SKILLS 3 (11 decks)

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