WEEK 4 ID & IM Flashcards
What are two reasons intradermal injections are used?
- Allergy testing
- TB testing (Mantoux)
What size needle is used for ID injections?
The smallest available; usually 1/2”
What size syringe is used for ID injections?
1 ml
What are 2 most common sites for ID injections?
Inner forearm, upper back
How is the needle inserted for ID injections?
Do not insert all the way to the hub; insert only the tip of the needle, ensuring the bevel is under the skin
How are the results of ID injections read?
After 48-72 hours, by measuring the diameter of the induration
What is not measured when reading ID injection results?
Erythema
How should the skin be held during ID injection?
Taut
How should the needle be inserted in ID injections?
Bevel up, at 5-15 degrees, or as close to parallel with the skin as possible
What does it mean if a wheal does not form with ID injections?
The medication has been administered too deep and the injection must be redone
Why should you not massage the area after administering an ID injection?
This will displace the medication and lead to inaccurate results
How long of a needle should be used for IM injections?
1 to 1-1/2”
What are 3 common IM injection sites?
- Deltoid
- Vastus lateralis
- Ventrogluteal
What is the maximum injectable volume for IM injections into the deltoid muscle?
1 ml
What are the two landmarks used for locating the deltoid muscle for IM injections?
- Acromion process
- Axilla
Using the vastus lateralis muscle is preferred for which age group?
Infants and children
What is the safe injectable volume for the vastus lateralis muscle?
3 ml
Why should you not have the patient standing up for an injection into the vastus lateralis muscle?
Because it would flex the muscle and the muscle needs to be relaxed
Which 2 landmarks are used for locating the vastus lateralis muscle?
- Greater trochanter
- Knee
Where is the injection site located between the greater trochanter and the knee?
The outer aspect of the middle third
Which two muscles are used at the ventrogluteal site for IM injections?
Gluteus minimus and medius
Why is the ventrogluteal site preferable for adults?
Safest and least painful site as it is free of major nerves and blood vessels
What is the safe injectable volume for the ventrogluteal site?
3 ml
How should the patient be positioned for injection to the ventrogluteal site?
On their side with top leg bent at knee
