Week 4 - Hypertension Flashcards
The federal Physical Activity Guidelines state that “most health benefits occur with at least 150 minutes a week of moderate intensity physical activity.” If a patient initially achieves this fitness goal but then stops exercising regularly, how long will it take for the health benefits (such as reduced BP) to disappear?
3 weeks
Which of the following is NOT a recommendation regarding a patient starting a weight training program?
Select one:
a. A patient should avoid breath holding while exerting himself or herself to avoid dangerous spikes in blood pressure.
b. Use heavier weights with few repetitions initially.
c. Alternate between upper and lower body exercises to allow muscles to rest.
d. A patient with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors should have a baseline EKG before starting an exercise program.
B, the recommendation is to use lower weight with higher reps
True or False. While smoking cessation is very important to decreasing the risk of CVD as a whole, smoking cigarettes is not a cause of hypertension.
True, Smoking cigarettes will cause a transient elevation in blood pressure but the effect is short lived so it is not considered a cause of hypertension.
Which of the following would be considered too much alcohol consumption for a woman?
Select one:
a. 5 ounces of wine per day
b. 12 ounces of beer per day
c. a mixed drink with 2 ounces of liquor
C, 1 ounce is the max daily recommendation for liquor
Which of the following is considered good dietary advice for a patient who wants to lower blood pressure through diet?
Select one:
a. restrict salt to 1000mg daily
b. avoid both sugar and artificially sweetened beverages
c. consume large amounts of chocolate daily
d. avoid eating a vegetarian diet
B, small amounts of chocolate and vegetarian diets have been shown to be beneficial. Also the minimum salt intake is 1500mg daily. Anything lower can increase cardiovascular risk
True or false. Most studies show that moderate coffee consumption is not a major factor in hypertension and may have beneficial effects on CVD.
True, however other forms of caffeine (energy drinks, etc.) may contribute to hypertension
Which of the following is not associated with beneficial effects on blood pressure?
Select one:
a. B vitamins
b. potassium
c. calcium
d. magnesium
a
True or false. 1500mg daily of Coenzyme Q10 is associated with significant blood pressure reduction.
False, CoQ10 can be a very beneficial supplement to lower blood pressure but dosing is 100-200mg daily. Ideally in twice daily dosing and takes 3-4 weeks for full BP lowering effects.
True or False. A patient with stage 1 hypertension and no significant cardiovascular risk factors and no evidence of end organ damage may be safely managed without a referral to a primary medical doctor for pharmaceuticals.
True, You should work with them on changing any lifestyle factors, consider supplements, and encourage them to monitor their BP with a home BP cuff. IF the blood pressure increases to stage 2 or they develop evidence of end organ damage, they will need to be referred to their PCP.
How many blood pressure lowering medications are needed in most patients to get blood pressure under control?
2
