WEEK 4: Early cognitive development and the construction of reality: Part 2

Question 1

Donaldson (1978) argued that a limitation to Piaget’s work was:

a. The tasks are to abstract for preschool children
b. The tasks test children’s social experiences only
c. Piaget did not test enough children to draw conclusions
d. The tasks were too simple

Answer 1

b. The tasks test children’s social experiences only

Question 2

A limitation to a study could be a child’s inability to understand the task or question. Annette Karmiloff (1979) showed that terms such as ‘same’, ‘different’ and ‘all’ are not fully understood until children are aged:

a. 4 years old
b. 7 years old
c. 2.5 years old
d. 6 years old

Answer 2

a. 4 years old

Question 3

_______ is a decreased response to a stimulus after repeated presentation. For instance, if an infant is continually presented with an object, their interest in that object wanes.

a. Preferential looking
b. Habituation
c. Dual representation
d. Object permanence

Answer 3

b. Habituation

Question 4

______ is a way of using infants’ looking times to infer their knowledge

a. Preferential looking
b. Habituation
c. Familiarisation - novelty preference methods
d. Object permanence

Answer 4

c. Familiarisation - novelty preference methods

Question 5

The understanding that objects have substance, maintain their identities when they change location, and ordinarily continue to exist when out of sight.

a. Preferential looking
b. Habituation
c. Familiarisation - novelty preference methods
d. Object permanence

Answer 5

d. Object permanence