WEEK 2: Evolution and Perinatal Development

Question 1

Your complete heritable genetic identity. It is your unique genome that would be revealed by personal genome sequencing. More plainly; a particular gene or set of genes carried by an individual.

a. Phenotypes
b. Genotypes
c. In-utero
d. Stem cells

Answer 1

b. Genotype

Question 2

A description of your actual physical characteristics. This includes straightforward visible characteristics like your height and eye color, but also your overall health, your disease history, and even your behavior.

a. Phenotypes
b. Genotypes
c. In-utero
d. Stem cells

Answer 2

a. Phenotypes

Question 3

What is Important for parental recognition, and facilitates the bond between child and parents?

a. Phenotypes
b. Genotypes
c. In-utero memory
d. Stem cells

Answer 3

c. In-utero memory

Question 4

Which one of these cells is considered to be unspecialised?

a. Muscle cell
b. Nerve cell
c. Stem cell
d. Red blood cell

Answer 4

c. Stem cell

Question 5

What term is used to show that a cell is ‘using’ certain genes?

a. Expressing
b. Chunking
c. Working
d. Functioning

Answer 5

a. Expressing

Question 6

What enables cells to specialise?

a. Making a copy of RNA
b. Turning on, or ‘expressing’, certain genes
c. Making a copy of DNA
d. Wrapping the DNA more tightly

Answer 6

b. Turning on, or ‘expressing’, certain genes

Question 7

What are the three ways that external (often called ‘induction’) specialisation can occur in cells?

a. Cell wall, diffusion, direct contact
b. More DNA, diffusion, gap functions
c. Cell clusters, cell wall, diffusion
d. Diffusion, direct contact, gap junctions

Answer 7

d. Diffusion, direct contact, gap junctions

Question 8

The first part of the ear to develop in a fetus is?

a. The inner ear
b. The middle ear
c. Hair cells
d. The pinna

Answer 8

a. The inner ear

Question 9

Which one of the following is true?

a. Foetuses at around 20th gestational week would blink when buzzer sounds
b. Foetuses at around 24th gestational week would blink when buzzer sounds
c. Foetuses do not blink when buzzer sounds, only infants do
d. None of the above

Answer 9

b. Foetuses at around 24th gestational week would blink when buzzer sounds

Question 10

Babies at what age could turn their heads toward their mother’s breastmilk pad?

a. 1 day old
b. 3 days old
c. 6 days old
d. 10 days old

Answer 10

c. 6 days old

Question 11

Which of the following are false?

a. Newborns pucker up their lips when tasted something sour
b. Newborns prefer salty water to sweet water since birth
c. Newborns prefer sweet to sour
d. Tolerance for salt develops in the first few months of life

Answer 11

b. Newborns prefer salty water to sweet water since birth

Question 12

Only objects ______ cm from the newborns’ eyes will be perceived in sharp focus.

a. 21
b. 30
c. 31
d. 40

Answer 12

a. 21

Question 13

Which stimulus does newborn prefer to track?

a. Head shape with no facial features
b. Head shape with animal facial features
c. Head shape with disarranged human facial features
d. Head shape with human facial features

Answer 13

d. Head shape with human facial features

Question 14

Newborns of mothers who ________________ became _______ when hearing the tune.

a. Did not watch “Neighbours” during pregnancy ………… alert and oriented.
b. Did not watch “Neighbours” during pregnancy ………… bored and disoriented.
c. Watched “Neighbours” during pregnancy ………… alert and oriented.
d. Watched “Neighbours” during pregnancy ………… bored and disoriented.

Answer 14

c. Watched “Neighbours” during pregnancy ………… alert and oriented.

Question 15

The study of Q7 showed that infants did not demonstrate recognition of the tune at

a. 10 days old
b. 14 days old
c. 18 days old
d. 21 days old

Answer 15

d. 21 days old

Question 16

Who has the greatest difficulties in establishing breastfeeding?

a. Mothers who ate spicy food during pregnancy
b. Mothers who developed a pica during pregnancy
c. Mothers who ate the same thing before and after giving birth
d. Mothers who changed their diet after giving birth

Answer 16

d. Mothers who changed their diet after giving birth

Question 17

It was suggested that fetal memory is important for:

a. Facial recognition, voice recognition, preference for mother’s breastmilk
b. Language development, recognition of the mother, preference for mother’s breastmilk
c. Language development, facial recognition, developing the same culture as the mother
d. All of the above are correct

Answer 17

b. Language development, recognition of the mother, preference for mother’s breastmilk