Week 4: CVD Case Study Flashcards
In what ways does climate change affect older people disproportionately?
-Low and high temps associated with cardio and respiratory disease mortality
-Climate change affects vulnerable populations the most
-Pollution increasing exacerbates resp-cardiovascular disease
What does the index of heat vulnerability with climate change refer to?
-Older people have less ability to thermoregulate, less able to live in housing with climate control/heating
What does FANCAPES stand for?
Fluids, aeration, nutrition, communication, activity, pain, elimination, socialization/social skills
What are the main cardiovascular conditions that affect older people?
HTN, CAD/Artery disease, heart valve disease, HF
Older adults are more likely to have isolated systolic HTN
True or false?
True
Older adults often have isolated systolic HTN, unlike younger people, whoare more likely to have an elevation of just the diastolic BP or elevationindicated by both systolic and diastolic BP readings
What are S&S of heart valve disease?
Heart murmur, chest pain, abdominal swelling, fatigue,SOB, swelling of feet/ ankles, dizziness and fainting, cardiac dysrhythmias
What heart condition is the most frequent cause for hospitalization of older adults?
Heart Failure
What are the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease?
Age >55 for men, >65 for women
- Family history of CVD
- Microalbuminuria
- Hypertension
- Smoking
- Central obesity
- Physical inactivity
- Dyslipidemia
- Diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance/ impaired fasting glucose
- Metabolic syndrome
What contributes to the distress reported by older populations facing cardiac disease/HF?
Disease is debilitating due to distressing symptoms and compromised functional status
Manifestations of fatigue, dyspnea and cognitive impairment key factors for quality of life
People living with HF reported that the “unpredictable condition and uncertain future” of the disease contributed to what feeling?
Sense of loss of power
Define problem focused coping.
self care used to cope with troublesome symptoms (modifying lifestyle/diet, learning about their condition and medications, adjusting physical activity, reducing stress)
Define emotion focused coping.
pts coping with stressful experiences by simply ignoring it in an attempt to palliate emotional strain associated with the recognized threat of CHF to their normal life. Pts mentally reconstructed meaning of the illness and its consequences
How do females and male responses in adjusting to living with HF differ?
Females- more likely to report feeling contented and accepting of situation, ascribed more positive meaning to illness
Males- held unrealistic expectation that disease would stop deteriorating, leading to more hopelessness
What is the nurse role in those adjusting to life with CHF?
-Focus on support systems
-Providing hope in managing disease progression (no cure)
-Understanding cultural needs for adjustment
How does digoxin aid in CHF management?
What is its therapeutic range?
-Decreases myocardial contractility levels, slowing HR & allowing for longer ventricular filling times, increases cardiac output
-0.5-2 nmol/L
