Week 4: Assessment Flashcards
What differentiations are trying to be communicated in the DSM-5?
-A more preventative approach to psychiatry
-Greater flexibility for revision (DSM-5.x instead of DSM-V)
What are the 5 axes in the DSM-5?
Axis I: Clinical Disorders
Axis II: Personality Disorders
Axis III: General Medical Conditions
Axis IV: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems
Axis V: Global Assessment of Functioning
According to Graybeal, what are some disadvantages of traditional assessments? (4)
-Little attention paid to alternatives/individuality
-Passive engagement of the individual; leads to powerlessness
-Difficult to connect personal problems to political issues
-Reduces opportunities for practitioners to innovate
Why is it said that “assessment is intervention”?
-Telling one’s story, identifying problems, and eliciting strengths can be therapeutic
-Hearing that resources are available or that they will have a space to be heard can be therapeutic
-Showing up demonstrates/fuels desire for change
What is the moral of the “5 Blind Men, 1 Elephant” parable?
Each of us will have our own unique experience/perspective of something based on our own perception, which is usually not the full picture
What is the relevance of Hippocrates to the medical model?
He was the first doctor to not treat people based on supernatural forces or disease sent from God; he called for the oath to Do No Harm and to “know your patient more than the disease”, in opposition to our current medical model
What is Hippocrates’ rule of thirds?
1/3 will get better on their own, 1/3 will get better with treatment, and 1/3 won’t get better even with treatment
What is the medical model?
“A process whereby, informed by the best available evidence, doctors advise on, coordinate, or deliver interventions for health improvements”; separate from a person’s wholistic self, impairment-focused
What are the core principles of CBT?
- Psychological problems are based on faulty/unhelpful ways of thinking or learned patterns of unhelpful behaviour
- People can learn better ways of coping, thereby relieving their symptoms
What reasons did Dr. Allen J. Frances describe for increases in mental health diagnoses, and which did he believe had more weight?
- Increased awareness of mental illness and its symptoms (small influence)
- Living in stressful times/a more difficult world (no influence)
- Vaccinations or environmental toxins (no influence, no evidence)
- Changes in human nature (no influence, does not change quickly)
- Changes in psychiatric labels (large influence; it’s very easy to change the criteria or add a new disorder and end up “inventing” patients overnight)
What does Dr. Allen J. Francis believe that impact of the DSM-5 will be?
He thinks the DSM-V will lead to millions of people being mislabeled with mental disorders; the mild mental disorders described overlap “imperceptibly” with everyday experiences and responses to life’s challenges
What are some examples of Axis I disorders in the DSM-5?
- Mood disorders (bipolar, depression)
- Anxiety disorders (phobias, OCD, generalised, PTSD)
- Psychotic disorders (schizophrenia, etc.)
- Other disorders (adjustment, factitious, sexual/gender identity, eating, sleep, ADHD, autism, dementia)
What are some examples of Axis II disorders in the DSM-5?
-Personality disorders
-Mental retardation
What is the purpose of Axis III in the DSM-5?
Reporting of general medical conditions that may be relevant to the understanding or management
of the individual’s mental disorder
What is the purpose of Axis IV in the DSM-5?
Reporting psychosocial and environmental problems that may affect the diagnosis,
treatment, and prognosis of mental disorders
