Week 4 - Anxiety

Question 1

How is anxiety shown?

Answer 1

• Thoughts
• Feelings
• Behaviours
• Physical changes

Question 2

Anxiety as a Continuum (Hildegard Peplau)

Answer 2

1) Mild
- occurs in the normal experience of daily living and allows an individual to perceive reality in a sharp focus

2) Moderate
- can still be constructive

3) Severe

4) Panic
- most extreme level of anxiety and can cause exhaustion

Question 3

List of Anxiety Disorders:

Answer 3

Separation Anxiety Disorder
Selective Mutism
Specific Phobia
Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)
Panic Disorder
Panic Attack Specifier
Agoraphobia
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Substance/Medication-Induced Anxiety Disorder
Anxiety Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition
Other Specified Anxiety Disorder
Unspecified Anxiety Disorder

Question 4

What is a phobia?

Answer 4

“persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that results in a compelling desire to avoid the dreaded object, activity or situation”

Question 5

Specific phobias can be developed by:

Answer 5

• a traumatic event
• observation of others going through a traumatic event
• an unexpected panic attack in the feared situation
• informational transmission

Question 6

Social Phobias

Answer 6

age at Onset between 8 and 15 years
- sometimes emerges out of a childhood history of social
inhibition or shyness
- Onset of social anxiety disorder may follow a stressful or
humiliating experience or it may be insidious

Question 7

Agoraphobia

Answer 7

A) Marked fear or anxiety about two (or more) of the following five situations:

i. Using public transportation
ii. Being in open spaces
iii. Being in enclosed places
iv. Standing in line or being in a crowd.
v. Being outside of the home alone.

Question 8

Panic Disorder

Answer 8

• Palpitations, pounding heart, or accelerated heart rate.
• Sweating.
• Trembling or shaking.
• Sensations of shortness of breath or smothering.
• Feelings of choking.
• Chest pain or discomfort.
• Nausea or abdominal distress.
• Feeling dizzy, unsteady, light-headed, or faint.
• Chills or heat sensations.
• Paresthesias (numbness or tingling sensations).
• Derealization (feelings of unreality) or depersonalization (being detached from oneself).
• Fear of losing control or “going crazy.”
• Fear of dying.

Question 9

Neuroanatomical function of a panic disorder

Answer 9

• alteration in hippocampal function
• decreased left parietal temporal metabolism
• hyperactivity of amygdala
  Neurotransmitters
•  GABA (no)
•  adrenaline (yes)
• serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine / 5-HT) dysfunction

Question 10

Generalised anxiety disorder

Answer 10

Excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation), occurring more days than not for at least 6
months, about a number of events or activities (such as work or school performance).

Question 11

Alternative therapy for anxiety - Transcranial Magnetic

Stimulation (TMS)

Answer 11

non-invasive and generally
well-tolerated method of
focally stimulating brain
regions using magnetic field

Question 12

Severity

Answer 12

how to manage in day to day life

Question 13

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder 5

Answer 13

Most commonly used bible used by: Mental Health Nurses, Psychiatrists, Clinical Psychologists

Question 14

Disorders

Answer 14

Duration - high level for 6 months
Severity
Impact on day - to - day living

Question 15

Types of phobic experiences are:

Answer 15

• Animal
• Natural environment
• Blood injection injury
• Situational
• Other

Question 16

Traits of Agoraphobia

Answer 16

Perfectionism

Timidity