Week 4 Flashcards
What cancer type is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality?
Lung Cancer
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At what stage are most lung cancer patients diagnosed?
Stage IV
”> 50% of the time, pts have stage IV disease at the time of diagnosis”
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What syndromes are most commonly associated with small cell lung cancer?
Paraneoplastic syndromes (including SIADH)
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What process is key in identifying candidates for targeted therapy for lung cancer?
Tissue Diagnosis
key for staging, histologic analysis, and molecular phenotyping to identify candidates for targeted therapy
tissue sampling required in diagnosis
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What findings and patient characteristics are associated with adenocarcinoma?
Gland formation and mucin production
most common Lung CA in non-smokers
often smaller peripheral lesions
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What findings and patient characteristics are associated with squamous cell carcinoma?
keratin pearls
central lesions with cavitation
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What findings and patient characteristics are associated with small cell carcinoma?
Small cells with high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio
high mitotic figures
mediastinal disease
paraneoplastic syndromes
neuroendocrine differentiation
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What stages of NSCLC are treated with curative intent?
Stage I, II, and in cases stage III NSCLC
Stage IIIC/IV is palliative, remember the issue is that most patients are diagnosed in later stages
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What is the frontline therapy for allergic rhinitis?
Intranasal Steroids
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How does an obstructive event differ from a central event and Cheyne-Stokes breathing?
(see image below)
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What non-pulmonary findings are associated with obstructive sleep apnea?
HTN, coronary events, and arrhythmias
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What are two effective obstructive sleep apnea treatments?
CPAP and lifesyle modification (weight loss)
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