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COGS 100 > Week 4 > Flashcards

Week 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Define: model

A

an example that can be used to imitate something

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2
Q

Define: process model

A

An example of how one representation is transformed into another representation

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3
Q

Define: module

important for understanding modularity of the mind

A

independent unit which when combined can be used to construct more complex units

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4
Q

Define: Fodorean modules

A

modules have specific input and specific output, and transform information in precise ways

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5
Q

Define: darwinian modules:

A

modules that evolved in the mind to serve a purpose

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6
Q

Functions of the mind (6)

A 
Attention
Perception
Pattern recognition
Memory
Forming and manipulating visual images
Problem solving
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7
Q

Define: attention

A

to take notice of something important; concentrated mental activity on an object or event

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8
Q

Define: selective

A

choosing the best option

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9
Q

Define: divided

A

separated

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10
Q

2 types of attention

A
  • selective attention

- divided attention

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11
Q

Define: cocktail party effect

A

When you hear something of personal relevance,

your attention shifts to another source

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12
Q

Two categories of theory and five models of attention

A 
Bottleneck theories:
- Filter model
- Attenuation model
- Memory selection model
- Multimode model
Capacity theories:
- Capacity model
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13
Q

Define: bottleneck theories for attention

A

a limited amount of information can enter the bottle neck; there is lots of information in the environment but only a limited amount of stimuli can be attended to

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14
Q

Define: capacity

A

maximum amount of something that can be contained

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15
Q

Define: capacity theories

A

attention is a resource that has a capacity; as long as attention capacity is not exceeded, attention can be allocated to more than one stimulus in the environment

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16
Q

Define: filter model of attention

A

only specific type of information can pass through the filter

17
Q

Define: attenuation model for attention

A

choose a particular frequency and ignore all others

18
Q

Early stage – Early Selection Model defining property

A

Defining property: based on your sensory information

19
Q

Late stage – Late Selection Model defining property

A

Defining property: based on memory

20
Q

Define: mode

A

a particular type of form

21
Q

Multimode model of attention

A

google

22
Q

Memory selection model of attention

A

google lol

23
Q

Define: perception

A

process of becoming aware of information obtained through the senses AND organizing (interpreting) that information.

24
Q

Define: pattern

A

something that has regular form

25
Q

Define: recognize

A

identify something as having encountered them before

26
Q

FOUR THEORIES OF PATTERN RECOGNITION

A
  • Template Matching
  • Feature Detection
  • Recognition by components
  • Feature Integration
27
Q

Define: template

A

an outline or layout of something; it has a specific format

28
Q

Limitations of template match theory for pattern recognition

A
  • Template matching theory requires a match between a template and a stimulus for the stimulus to be recognized
  • To recognize all possible variations of a stimulus requires an infinite amount of templates for the same stimulus
29
Q

Define: feature

important for feature detection model

A

a part of an object that makes a significant contribution to its overall appearance and form

30
Q

Define: Pandemonium model

A

Example of a feature detection model; attempts to explain how the human mind work; processing units are called demons

  • Image demon
  • Feature demon
  • Cognitive demon
  • Decision demon
31
Q

Define: data

A

characteristics or information, that are collected through observation

32
Q

Limitation of feature detection theories?

A
  • does not take into account context in which stimulus appears
  • Can explain data-driven processing but cannot explain conceptually driven processing
33
Q

Define: data driven process

A

processing of a stimulus based on its features

34
Q

Define: conceptually driven process

A

abstract, top down processing; only apply to pattern recognition

35
Q

Define:

A

Geons: Objects with a “basic volumetric shape”

36
Q

Define: recognition by components

A

is a top-down process proposed that explains object recognition. According to RBC theory, we are able to recognize objects by separating them into geons

37
Q

Limitation of recognition by components

A

Not easy to explain how three-dimensional images with great detail can be identified Look at your face in the mirror or your hands, – can you identify geons?

COGS 100 (5 decks)

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