Week 4 Flashcards
what is the most fundamental assumption underlying qualitative research?
that reality is something socially constructed on an individual basis
what are common misconceptions about qualitative research findings?
they are preliminary to quantitative studies, cannot stand alone, and lack generalizability
compare and contrast qual and quant research
quant - deductive, breakdown phenomena; fixed process, single reality
qual - inductive; building upon phenomena; multiple realities; overlapping process
correlation study
looks at relationship between 2 variables or a variable and an outcome; no causality
phenomenological research
focuses on lived experiences of humans
grounded theory research
seeks to understand key social psychological processes
ethnographic research
focuses on patterns and life ways of a cultural group; goal is to understand the research participants’ views of their world, or the emic view
what are types of qual data collection techniques?
focus group interviews, life histories, critical incident interviews, think-aloud method, diaries and journals
paradigm
set of practices and beliefs
coding
process of breaking down and labeling chunks of text or large amounts of data
data reduction
organizing large amounts of data, usually in the form of words, so that it is broken down (or reduced) and labeled (or coded)
theme
ideas or concepts that are implicit in the data and are recurrent throughout data; abstractions that reflect phrases, words, or ideas that appear repeatedly as a research analyzes what people what have said about a particular experience, feeling, or situation
data saturation
point at which info collected becomes repetitive and redundant of info already collected
study design
description of how the qualitative researcher plans to go about answering the research questions; must be congruent with the philosophical beliefs
sample
the group of people that the researcher will interview or observe to answer the research questions; usually purposeful in qualitative
setting
the places where participants are recruited and the data are collected
overview/grand tour questions
are broad questions that seek the “big picture.”
what is the goal of qual data analysis?
to find commonalities and differences in the interviews, and then to group these into themes
findings
patterns of any kind in the data
what are Kearney’s categories for qualitative findings?
- restricted by priori framework
- descriptive categories
- shared pathway or meaning
- depiction of experiential variation
- dense explanatory research
RDSDD - really do sometimes do dat
what are Kearney’s Modes of Clinical Application for qual research?
a. insight or empathy
b. assessment of status or progress
c. anticipatory guidance
d. coaching
what are the 5 qualitative research methods?
phenomenological method, grounded theory method, ethnographic method, community-based participatory research, mixed method research
phenomenological method assumption
rests on the assumption that there is structure/essence to shared experiences that can be narrated.
grounded theory method
involves systematic set of procedures to arrive at a theory about basic social processes
- based on observations and perceptions of the social scene and evolves during data collection and analysis
- describes a research approach to construct theory where no theory exists, or in situations where existing theory fails to provide evidence to explain a set of circumstances
emic view vs etic view
emic view (insider view) etic view (outsider view; used in quant analysis)
community-based participatory research (action research)
systematically accesses the voice of a community to plan context-appropriate action.
-provides an alternative to traditional research approaches that assume a phenomenon may be separated from its context for purposes of study
mixed methods research
the use of both qualitative and quantitative methods in one study
what is the criteria for judging scientific rigor?
credibility, auditability and fittingness
what is the goal of of Sandelowski and Barroso’s Typology?
not to judge quality of findings, but to assist readers in determining which types of findings should be omitted from evidence influencing practice
instrumental utlilization
concrete application of findings that have been made into new forms such as clinical guidelines, standards of care, appraisal tools, algorithms, and intervention protocols
symbolic utilization
less concrete and does not result in a true practice change, but rather findings are used to legitimate a position or practice
precursor to instrumental utilization
conceptual utilization
very intangible and lead to the way in which a user thinks about providing care
ontology
a variety of assumptions about what is real
epistemology
a variety of ways to learn about and know what is real
axiology
valuing subjectivity over objectivity, valuing the particulars (context and social location)
ethics
awareness of the impact of the knower on the known, reflexivity
