week 4

Question 1

1) The four elements making up about 96% of the body’s mass are represented by the symbols:

A) O, Ca, H, Na 
B) O, C, H, N     
C) O, C, He, Na 
D) O, H, K, N 
E) O, Ca, H, Ni

Answer 1

1) The four elements making up about 96% of the body’s mass are represented by the symbols:

A) O, Ca, H, Na 
B) O, C, H, N     *
C) O, C, He, Na 
D) O, H, K, N 
E) O, Ca, H, Ni

Question 2

2) Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are classified as

A) organic molecules.    
B) inorganic molecules.
C) acids.
D) salts.
E) bases.

Answer 2

2) Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are classified as

A) organic molecules.    *
B) inorganic molecules.
C) acids.
D) salts.
E) bases.

Question 3

3) An example of an inorganic substance is

A) fructose.
B) water.    
C) lipid.
D) glycogen.
E) cholesterol.

Answer 3

3) An example of an inorganic substance is

A) fructose.
B) water.    *
C) lipid.
D) glycogen.
E) cholesterol.

Question 4

A) are integral molecules of the cell membrane.
B) form the regulatory molecules known as enzymes.
C) are the body’s most readily available source of energy.
D) are composed of C, H, O, and N atoms.
E) contain the genetic information found in cells.

Answer 4

A) are integral molecules of the cell membrane.
B) form the regulatory molecules known as enzymes.
C) are the body’s most readily available source of energy. *
D) are composed of C, H, O, and N atoms.
E) contain the genetic information found in cells.

Question 5

5) The most important metabolic fuel molecule in the body is

A) sucrose.
B) starch.
C) protein.
D) vitamins.
E) glucose.

Answer 5

5) The most important metabolic fuel molecule in the body is

A) sucrose.
B) starch.
C) protein.
D) vitamins.
E) glucose.    *

Question 6

6) A polysaccharide that is formed in liver and muscle cells to store glucose is

A) starch.
B) cellulose.
C) glycogen.    
D) sucrose.
E) fructose.

Answer 6

6) A polysaccharide that is formed in liver and muscle cells to store glucose is

A) starch.
B) cellulose.
C) glycogen.    *
D) sucrose.
E) fructose.

Question 7

7) The group of organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a near 1:2:1 ratio is defined as a

A) carbohydrate.    
B) lipid.
C) protein.
D) nucleic acid.
E) both C and D

Answer 7

7) The group of organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a near 1:2:1 ratio is defined as a

A) carbohydrate.    *
B) lipid.
C) protein.
D) nucleic acid.
E) both C and D

Question 8

8) An example of a polysaccharide stored in humans is

A) cellulose.
B)  lactose.
C)  glucose.
D) glycogen.    
E)  mannose

Answer 8

8) An example of a polysaccharide stored in humans is

A) cellulose.
B)  lactose.
C)  glucose.
D) glycogen.    *
E)  mannose

Question 9

9) When two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration synthesis,
A) a new monosaccharide is formed.
B) a disaccharide is formed.    
C) a polysaccharide is formed.
D) a starch is formed.
E) hydrolysis occurs.

Answer 9

9) When two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration synthesis,
A) a new monosaccharide is formed.
B) a disaccharide is formed.    *
C) a polysaccharide is formed.
D) a starch is formed.
E) hydrolysis occurs.

Question 10

10) Lipids

A) form essential structural components of cells.
B) provide roughly twice the energy as carbohydrates.
C) help to maintain body temperature.
D) all of the above
E) B and C only

Answer 10

10) Lipids

A) form essential structural components of cells.
B) provide roughly twice the energy as carbohydrates.
C) help to maintain body temperature.
D) all of the above
E) B and C only *

Question 11

11) A fatty acid that contains three double covalent bonds in its carbon chain is said to be

A) saturated.
B) monounsaturated.
C) polyunsaturated.    
D) hydrogenated.
E) carboxylated.

Answer 11

11) A fatty acid that contains three double covalent bonds in its carbon chain is said to be

A) saturated.
B) monounsaturated.
C) polyunsaturated.    *
D) hydrogenated.
E) carboxylated.

Question 12

12) Most of the fat found in the human body is in the form of

A) steroids.
B) phospholipids.
C) triglycerides.    
D) prostaglandins.
E) monoglycerides.

Answer 12

12) Most of the fat found in the human body is in the form of

A) steroids.
B) phospholipids.
C) triglycerides.    *
D) prostaglandins.
E) monoglycerides.

Question 13

13) Glycerol is the backbone molecule for:

A) disaccharides. 
B) DNA. 
C) peptides. 
D) triglycerides.
E) ATP.

Answer 13

13) Glycerol is the backbone molecule for:

A) disaccharides. 
B) DNA. 
C) peptides. 
D) triglycerides.     *
E) ATP.

Question 14

14) A fatty acid with only single covalent bonds is said to be:

A) oxidized. 
B) reduced. 
C) saturated.   
D) denatured. 
E) hydrolyzed.

Answer 14

14) A fatty acid with only single covalent bonds is said to be:

A) oxidized. 
B) reduced. 
C) saturated.     *
D) denatured. 
E) hydrolyzed.

Question 15

15) Cholesterol, phospholipids, and glycolipids are examples of

A) dietary fats.
B) prostaglandins.
C) structural lipids.    
D) lipid drugs.
E) steroids.

Answer 15

15) Cholesterol, phospholipids, and glycolipids are examples of

A) dietary fats.
B) prostaglandins.
C) structural lipids.    *
D) lipid drugs.
E) steroids.

Question 16

16) A shortage of cholesterol in the body would interfere with the formation of

A) sex hormones.    
B) proteins.
C) nucleic acids.
D) glycogen.
E) both A and C.

Answer 16

16) A shortage of cholesterol in the body would interfere with the formation of

A) sex hormones.    *
B) proteins.
C) nucleic acids.
D) glycogen.
E) both A and C.

Question 17

17.   A(n) \_\_\_\_\_ accepts hydroxide ions in water and a(n) \_\_\_\_\_ releases hydrogen ions in water.
A) acid; base	
B) base; acid    
C) compound; element
D) element; compound

Answer 17

17.   A(n) \_\_\_\_\_ accepts hydroxide ions in water and a(n) \_\_\_\_\_ releases hydrogen ions in water.
A) acid; base	
B) base; acid    *
C) compound; element
D) element; compound

Question 18

Short Answer Questions. (Please answer each question in the space provided)
18) Ions with a positive charge are called __________.

Answer 18

Short Answer Questions. (Please answer each question in the space provided)
18) Ions with a positive charge are called __________.
Answer: cations

Question 19

19) Ions with a negative charge are called _________.

Answer 19

19) Ions with a negative charge are called _________.

Answer: anions

Question 20

20) ______________ molecules are compounds that contain carbon as the primary structural atom.

Answer 20

20) ______________ molecules are compounds that contain carbon as the primary structural atom.
Answer: Organic

Question 21

21) A(n) ______________ is a homogeneous mixture containing a solvent and a solute.

Answer 21

21) A(n) ______________ is a homogeneous mixture containing a solvent and a solute.
Answer: solution

Question 22

22) Molecules that readily dissolve in water are called _____.

Answer 22

22) Molecules that readily dissolve in water are called _____.
Answer: hydrophilic

Question 23

23) Glycogen and starch are examples of complex carbohydrates called _____________________.

Answer 23

23) Glycogen and starch are examples of complex carbohydrates called _____________________.
Answer: polysaccharides

Question 24

24) _________________ fats are triglycerides that contain only single covalent bonds between carbon atoms.

Answer 24

24) _________________ fats are triglycerides that contain only single covalent bonds between carbon atoms.
Answer: Saturated

Question 25

25) The _____ of a solution is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration expressed in moles per liter in the solution.

Answer 25

25) The _____ of a solution is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration expressed in moles per liter in the solution.
Answer: pH

Question 26

26) ___________________ are lipid molecules that form biological membranes.

Answer 26

26) ___________________ are lipid molecules that form biological membranes.
Answer: Structural lipids (or phospholipids)