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NUR149 > week 3 > Flashcards

week 3 Flashcards

0
Q
  1. During ionisation, water molecules disrupt the ionic bonds of a solute and a mixture of ions is produced. These ions are called
A) cations.
B) anions.
C) dissociates.
D) electrolytes.     
E) anti-ions.
A
  1. During ionisation, water molecules disrupt the ionic bonds of a solute and a mixture of ions is produced. These ions are called
A) cations.
B) anions.
C) dissociates.
D) electrolytes.     *
E) anti-ions.
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1
Q
  1. Which of the following statements about water is not correct?

A) is composed of polar molecules
B) is responsible for about 2/3 of the mass of the human body
C) has a relatively low heat capacity
D) can be considered a “universal solvent”
E) contains hydrogen bonds

A
  1. Which of the following statements about water is not correct?
A) 
B) 
C) has a relatively low heat capacity 
D) 
E)
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2
Q 
3. If a molecule has two equal and opposite electrically charged poles separated by a short distance, it is said to be
A) hydrophilic.
B) hydrophobic.
C) dipolar.    
D) tripolar.
E) colloid.
A 
3. If a molecule has two equal and opposite electrically charged poles separated by a short distance, it is said to be
A) hydrophilic.
B) hydrophobic.
C) dipolar.    *
D) tripolar.
E) colloid.
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3
Q 
4. In an aqueous solution, cations move toward
A) water.
B) sodium.
C) potassium.
D) anions.    
E) hydrogen ions.
A 
4. In an aqueous solution, cations move toward
A) water.
B) sodium.
C) potassium.
D) anions.    *
E) hydrogen ions.
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4
Q 
5.  In an aqueous solution, sodium would move toward
A) potassium.
B) chloride.   
C) sodium.
D) water.
E) A and B
A 
5.  In an aqueous solution, sodium would move toward
A) potassium.
B) chloride.    *
C) sodium.
D) water.
E) A and B
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5
Q
  1. A solution containing equal numbers of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions is
A) acidic.
B) basic.
C) neutral.     
D) alkaline.
E) ionated.
A
  1. A solution containing equal numbers of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions is
A) acidic.
B) basic.
C) neutral.     *
D) alkaline.
E) ionated.
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6
Q
  1. Which of the following substances would be least acidic?
A) lemon juice, pH = 2
B) urine, pH = 6     
C) tomato juice, pH = 4
D) white wine, pH = 3
E) stomach secretions, pH = 1
A
  1. Which of the following substances would be least acidic?
A) lemon juice, pH = 2
B) urine, pH = 6     *
C) tomato juice, pH = 4
D) white wine, pH = 3
E) stomach secretions, pH = 1
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7
Q
  1. If a substance has a pH that is greater than 7, it is
A) neutral.
B) acidic.
C) alkaline.     
D) a buffer.
E) a salt.
A
  1. If a substance has a pH that is greater than 7, it is
A) neutral.
B) acidic.
C) alkaline.     *
D) a buffer.
E) a salt.
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8
Q
  1. An important buffer in body fluids is
A) NaCl.
B) NaOH.
C) HCl.
D) NaHCO3.     
E) H2O.
A
  1. An important buffer in body fluids is
A) NaCl.
B) NaOH.
C) HCl.
D) NaHCO3.     *
E) H2O.
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9
Q
  1. In the body, inorganic compounds
A) can serve as buffers.     
B) can make up proteins.
C) are important nutrients.
D) are structural components of cells.
E) both A and D
A
  1. In the body, inorganic compounds
A) can serve as buffers.     *
B) can make up proteins.
C) are important nutrients.
D) are structural components of cells.
E) both A and D
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10
Q 
11. Hydrophilic molecules readily associate with
A) lipid molecules.
B) hydrophilic molecules.
C) water molecules.    
D) A and B
E) all of the above
A 
11. Hydrophilic molecules readily associate with
A) lipid molecules.
B) hydrophilic molecules.
C) water molecules.    *
D) A and B
E) all of the above
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11
Q
  1. Inorganic compounds that are soluble and whose ions will conduct an electrical current are called
A) hydrophobic.
B) electrolytes.     
C) covalent bonds.
D) polar covalent molecules.
E) hydration spheres.
A
  1. Inorganic compounds that are soluble and whose ions will conduct an electrical current are called
A) hydrophobic.
B) electrolytes.     *
C) covalent bonds.
D) polar covalent molecules.
E) hydration spheres.
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12
Q
  1. A nanometer is
A) 10-6 meter.
B) 10-8 meter.
C) 10-9 meter.     
D) 10-10 meter.
E) 10-12 meter.
A
  1. A nanometer is
A) 10-6 meter.
B) 10-8 meter.
C) 10-9 meter.     *
D) 10-10 meter.
E) 10-12 meter.
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13
Q
  1. An excess of hydrogen ions in the body fluids can have disastrous results because

A) excess hydrogen ions can break chemical bonds.
B) excess hydrogen ions can change the shape of large complex molecules, rendering them nonfunctional.
C) excess hydrogen ions can disrupt tissue functions.
D) all of the above
E) A and B only

A
  1. An excess of hydrogen ions in the body fluids can have disastrous results because

A) excess hydrogen ions can break chemical bonds.
B) excess hydrogen ions can change the shape of large complex molecules, rendering them nonfunctional.
C) excess hydrogen ions can disrupt tissue functions.
D) all of the above *
E) A and B only

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14
Q
  1. An inorganic compound, when placed in water, dissociates 99 percent forming hydrogen ions and anions. This substance would be
A) a strong base.
B) a weak base.
C) a strong acid.     
D) a weak acid.
E) a salt.
16. When a small amount of hydrochloric acid is added to a solution of Na2HPO4, the pH of the solution does not change. The pH does not change when a small amount of NaOH is added either. Based on these observations, all of the following are true concerning the compound Na2HPO4, except
A
  1. An inorganic compound, when placed in water, dissociates 99 percent forming hydrogen ions and anions. This substance would be
A) a strong base.
B) a weak base.
C) a strong acid.     *
D) a weak acid.
E) a salt.
16. When a small amount of hydrochloric acid is added to a solution of Na2HPO4, the pH of the solution does not change. The pH does not change when a small amount of NaOH is added either. Based on these observations, all of the following are true concerning the compound Na2HPO4, except
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15
Q
  1. When a small amount of hydrochloric acid is added to a solution of Na2HPO4, the pH of the solution does not change. The pH does not change when a small amount of NaOH is added either. Based on these observations, all of the following are true concerning the compound Na2HPO4, except

A) Na2HPO4 is able to accept extra hydrogen ions from the HCl.
B) Na2HPO4 is able to donate hydrogen ions to the OH- from NaOH.
C) Na2HPO4 adsorbs excess H+ and OH- directly onto the surface of its crystalline structure.
D) Na2HPO4 is a salt formed from reacting a strong base with a weak acid.
E) Na2HPO4 acts as a buffer.

A
  1. When a small amount of hydrochloric acid is added to a solution of Na2HPO4, the pH of the solution does not change. The pH does not change when a small amount of NaOH is added either. Based on these observations, all of the following are true concerning the compound Na2HPO4, except

A) Na2HPO4 is able to accept extra hydrogen ions from the HCl.
B) Na2HPO4 is able to donate hydrogen ions to the OH- from NaOH.
C) Na2HPO4 adsorbs excess H+ and OH- directly onto the surface of its crystalline structure. *
D) Na2HPO4 is a salt formed from reacting a strong base with a weak acid.
E) Na2HPO4 acts as a buffer.

16
Q
  1. An acid
A) dissociates into H+ ions and cations in water.
B) is a proton acceptor.
C) has a pH less than (<) 7.     
D) A and B are correct.
E) A, B and C are correct.
A
  1. An acid
A) dissociates into H+ ions and cations in water.
B) is a proton acceptor.
C) has a pH less than (<) 7.     *
D) A and B are correct.
E) A, B and C are correct.
17
Q
  1. A salt

A) dissociates into H+ and OH- in solution.
B) prevents drastic changes in pH in body fluids.
C) is a proton donor.
D) is a product of the reaction of an acid with a base.
E) is the product of a decomposition reaction.

A
  1. A salt

A) dissociates into H+ and OH- in solution.
B) prevents drastic changes in pH in body fluids.
C) is a proton donor.
D) is a product of the reaction of an acid with a base. *
E) is the product of a decomposition reaction.

18
Q
  1. Which of the following never has an alkaline pH in a healthy person?
A) gastric juice    
B)  urine
C)  semen
D)  blood
E)  pancreatic juice
A
  1. Which of the following never has an alkaline pH in a healthy person?
A) gastric juice     *
B)  urine
C)  semen
D)  blood
E)  pancreatic juice
19
Q
  1. Buffers

A) convert weak acids or bases into strong ones.
B) help destabilize pH.
C) can absorb OH- if the pH is too low.
D) can release H+ if the pH is too high.
E) include the HCl – KOH system.

A
  1. Buffers

A) convert weak acids or bases into strong ones.
B) help destabilize pH.
C) can absorb OH- if the pH is too low.
D) can release H+ if the pH is too high. *
E) include the HCl – KOH system.

20
Q
  1. Which of the following is TRUE regarding this situation: Solution A has a pH of 7.48 and Solution B has a pH of 7.39:

A) Solution B is more acidic than Solution A.
B) The pH of Solution A falls within the homeostatic pH range for extracellular body fluids, but the pH of Solution B does not.
C) Solution A contains a higher concentration of hydrogen ions that Solution B.
D) Solution B contains a higher concentration of hydrogen ions than Solution A.
E) Both B and C are correct.

A
  1. Which of the following is TRUE regarding this situation: Solution A has a pH of 7.48 and Solution B has a pH of 7.39:

A) Solution B is more acidic than Solution A.
B) The pH of Solution A falls within the homeostatic pH range for extracellular body fluids, but the pH of Solution B does not.
C) Solution A contains a higher concentration of hydrogen ions that Solution B.
D) Solution B contains a higher concentration of hydrogen ions than Solution A. *
E) Both B and C are correct.

21
Q
  1. A common buffer found in extracellular fluid is
A)  glucose.
B)  bicarbonate ion.     
C)  sodium ion.
D)  a triglyceride.
E) ATP
A
  1. A common buffer found in extracellular fluid is
A)  glucose.
B)  bicarbonate ion.     *
C)  sodium ion.
D)  a triglyceride.
E) ATP
22
Q
  1. An acid has a pH ________
A
  1. An acid has a pH less than 7.
23
Q

24.​____ are chemical compounds that help the body maintain homeostasis by preventing drastic changes in the pH of body fluids.

A

24.​_Buffers___ are chemical compounds that help the body maintain homeostasis by preventing drastic changes in the pH of body fluids.

24
Q
  1. In a healthy person, the pH of blood is maintained by buffers in the range of __ to ____.
A
  1. In a healthy person, the pH of blood is maintained by buffers in the range of 7.35 to __7.45__.

NUR149 (11 decks)

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