Week 4 Flashcards
what is the pancreas
a gland with both exocrine and endocrine functions. The majority of pancreatic tissue consists of
the exocrine acinar cells and ductal system. In contrast the endocrine pancreas comprises only about 2% of the
entire pancreatic mass. T
structre of teh pancrwas
. The pancreas is related to the duodenum on the right and consists of a head (with uncinate
process), neck, body and tail. T
what are the suprarenal glands and wher are they
(adrenal) glands are retroperitoneal organs located superiorly and medial to the upper poles of the
kidneys. Each gland has an outer covering, the cortex, and an inner core, the medulla. T
path of the inferior thyroid artery
The inferior thyroid artery runs with the recurrent laryngeal nerve close to the inferior aspect of the thyroid
gland. During thyroidectomy, this artery is ligated as far away from the gland as possible to prevent
inadvertent injury to the nerve.
external branch o the superior laryngeal nerve path
The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve runs with the superior thyroid artery before turning
medially to supply the cricothyroid muscle. The artery is therefore ligated close to the gland during
thyroidectomy to prevent inadvertent injury to the nerve, which would produce dysphonia by altering pitch
regulation.
what happesn tot eh thyroid and larynx when you swallow
simultaneous elevation of the thyroid and larynx. The larynx and thyroid move
together during swallowing due to the attachment of the thyroid to the larynx by the pretracheal fascia.
arterovenous suppply of teh throid
It receives its blood supply via the
superior thyroid artery(the first anterior branch of the external carotid artery) and the inferior thyroid artery(a branch
of the subclavian artery via the thyrocervical trunk). Venous blood from the thyroid is drained via superior, middle and
inferior thyroid veins.
structure of the thyoid
The thyroid is the largest of the endocrine organs. It is located in the anterior triangle of the neck and is attached
to the larynx and trachea. The gland is formed by 2 elongated lateral lobes with superior and inferior poles,
connected by a median isthmus overlying the second to fourth tracheal rings.
what is the diaphragm selae
a thin dural sheet covering the pituitary gland
what is found eiteher side of the pituritary fossa
cavernous sinus
what lies posteriorly to the nasal cavity
at the body of the sphenoid and the sphenoidal sinus lie posterior to the nasal cavity.
how does the pituirty gland attach to the hypothalmus
is attached to the hypothalamus by the pituitary stalk
where is the piturity gland
The gland lies in the base of the skull in
the pituitary fossa (sella turcica) of the sphenoid bone superior to the sphenoidal sinus.
where is he hypothalmus locared
is located on the anteroinferior aspect of the wall of the third ventricle with its superior limit
marked by the hypothalamic sulcus.
what is the hyppothalamis sulcus
s is a groove in the lateral wall of the third ventricle
leading from the interventricular foramen (of Monro) to the opening of the cerebral aqueduct
