week 4

Question 1

what infection is associated with higher rates of staphyloccoi pneumonia?

Answer 1

influenza

Question 2

tazocin is effective against pseudomonas lung infections - T or F

Answer 2

T

Question 3

what is first line antibiotic treatment for C diff

Answer 3

metronidazole

Question 4

what 2 antibiotics can be used in MRSA

Answer 4

vancomycin, teicoplanin

Question 5

what antibiotics are generally used for GI infections

Answer 5

ciprofloxacin + metronidazole

Question 6

clinical features of gastroenteritis

Answer 6

vomiting
diarrhea
fever
abdomen pain

Question 7

definition of dysentery

Answer 7

gastroenteritis causing diarrhea with blood

Question 8

common viral causes of gastroenteritis

Answer 8

norovirus
rotavirus
astrovirus
adenovirus

Question 9

common bacterial causes of gastroenteritis

Answer 9

campylobacter jejuni
e coli
salmonella
shigella
cholera
c diff

Question 10

name 2 protozoal causes of gastroenteritis

Answer 10

cryptosporidium

giardia

Question 11

what is acholohydria and what can cause it?

Answer 11

reduced gastric juices in stomach - e.g. PPI

Question 12

what 3 signs comprise haemolytic uraemic syndrome

Answer 12

AKI
haemolytic anaemia
thrombocytopaenia

Question 13

what is haemolytic uraemic syndrome most commonly caused by

Answer 13

e coli 157

Question 14

what is reiter’s syndrome

Answer 14

uveitis
urethritis
arthritis

Question 15

definition of traveller’s diarrhea

Answer 15

during or within 10 days of travel to (usually) developing country

Question 16

what symptoms are more indicative of small bowel gastroenteritis

Answer 16

large volume diarrhea
watery
abdominal cramps 
bloating
gassy

Question 17

what symptoms are more indicative of large bowel gastroenteritis

Answer 17

frequent, regular small amounts diarrhea
painful bowel movement
tenesmus
fever
blood/mucus

Question 18

can campylobacter jejuni gastroenteritis be treated with antibiotics?

Answer 18

yes

Question 19

what counts as severe illness in gastroenteritis

Answer 19

fever >38.5
hypovolaemia
≥6 watery stools in 24 hours
severe abdominal pain
need for hospitalisation

Question 20

what should be done for someone with severe illness gastroenteritis

Answer 20

stool culture
empirical abx
fluid replacement

Question 21

when should C diff stool culture be done?

Answer 21

when someone has gastroenteritis and has been in the hospital for more than 3 days

Question 22

all diarrhea with blood should be sent for cultures - T or F

Answer 22

True

Question 23

what can form if peritonitis is left untreated

Answer 23

abscess

Question 24

what is rovsings sign

Answer 24

pressing LIF to cause pain in RIF, indicates appendicitis

Question 25

what is murphy’s sign

Answer 25

depressing RUQ and asking patient to breath in, causing pain on inspiration. has to be pain-free on LUQ for murphy’s sign to be positive.

Question 26

what is charcots triad and what is it indicative of

Answer 26

pain
jaundice
fever

cholangitis

Question 27

common causative organisms of cholecystitis

Answer 27

e coli
proteus
klebsiella

Question 28

clinical features of cholecystitis

Answer 28

jaundice
RUQ pain
fever
malaise
nausea/vomiting
\+/- pale stools and dark urine
\+ve murphy's sign

Question 29

where can gallbladder pain radiate to

Answer 29

shoulder blade

Question 30

LFT picture for an obstructive cholecystitis

Answer 30

raised GGT and ALP, and bilirubin

Question 31

abx choice for cholecystitis

Answer 31

2nd gen cephalosporin

metronidazole