week 4 Flashcards
what infection is associated with higher rates of staphyloccoi pneumonia?
influenza
tazocin is effective against pseudomonas lung infections - T or F
T
what is first line antibiotic treatment for C diff
metronidazole
what 2 antibiotics can be used in MRSA
vancomycin, teicoplanin
what antibiotics are generally used for GI infections
ciprofloxacin + metronidazole
clinical features of gastroenteritis
vomiting
diarrhea
fever
abdomen pain
definition of dysentery
gastroenteritis causing diarrhea with blood
common viral causes of gastroenteritis
norovirus
rotavirus
astrovirus
adenovirus
common bacterial causes of gastroenteritis
campylobacter jejuni e coli salmonella shigella cholera c diff
name 2 protozoal causes of gastroenteritis
cryptosporidium
giardia
what is acholohydria and what can cause it?
reduced gastric juices in stomach - e.g. PPI
what 3 signs comprise haemolytic uraemic syndrome
AKI
haemolytic anaemia
thrombocytopaenia
what is haemolytic uraemic syndrome most commonly caused by
e coli 157
what is reiter’s syndrome
uveitis
urethritis
arthritis
definition of traveller’s diarrhea
during or within 10 days of travel to (usually) developing country
what symptoms are more indicative of small bowel gastroenteritis
large volume diarrhea watery abdominal cramps bloating gassy
what symptoms are more indicative of large bowel gastroenteritis
frequent, regular small amounts diarrhea painful bowel movement tenesmus fever blood/mucus
can campylobacter jejuni gastroenteritis be treated with antibiotics?
yes
what counts as severe illness in gastroenteritis
fever >38.5 hypovolaemia ≥6 watery stools in 24 hours severe abdominal pain need for hospitalisation
what should be done for someone with severe illness gastroenteritis
stool culture
empirical abx
fluid replacement
when should C diff stool culture be done?
when someone has gastroenteritis and has been in the hospital for more than 3 days
all diarrhea with blood should be sent for cultures - T or F
True
what can form if peritonitis is left untreated
abscess
what is rovsings sign
pressing LIF to cause pain in RIF, indicates appendicitis
what is murphy’s sign
depressing RUQ and asking patient to breath in, causing pain on inspiration. has to be pain-free on LUQ for murphy’s sign to be positive.
what is charcots triad and what is it indicative of
pain
jaundice
fever
cholangitis
common causative organisms of cholecystitis
e coli
proteus
klebsiella
clinical features of cholecystitis
jaundice RUQ pain fever malaise nausea/vomiting \+/- pale stools and dark urine \+ve murphy's sign
where can gallbladder pain radiate to
shoulder blade
LFT picture for an obstructive cholecystitis
raised GGT and ALP, and bilirubin
abx choice for cholecystitis
2nd gen cephalosporin
metronidazole
