Week 4

Question 1

What 3 categories can the methods used for identification be broken down into?

Answer 1

1. primary
   *fingerprints, DNA, medical condition
2. secondary
   *Tattoo, birthmarks, scars, blood grouping
3. Assistance only
   *Visual, photographic, body location

Question 2

How can DNA be matched to a body?

Answer 2

1. Direct comparison - comparison of profiles from sample and victim.
2. Familial DNA - comparison of profiles with parents, siblings etc.
3. Mitochondrial DNA - Inherited through maternal lineage. Mother passes to her children.
4. Y Chromosome - Male sex chromosome that is passed from father to son. Used to relate males in a family.

Question 3

What does ACE V stand for?

Answer 3

A- analysis
C- comparison
E- evaluation
V- verification

Question 4

What are the methods of fingerprinting from bodies?

Answer 4

1. Photography
   * non invasive, will not destroy ridge detail
2. Inking, printing and powdering
   * Most frequently used and most effective
3. Casting
   * Malleable material covers the skin and sets to form a cast
4. Epidermal glove
   * Skin layer is taken off the body and placed on investigators hand.

Question 5

What databases are fingerprints stored on?

Answer 5

IDENT1 is where they are stored and AFIS is where they are compared.

Question 6

What are the 2 main systems of classifying teeth?

Answer 6

1. FDI Classification system
2. Palmer Szigmondy system

Question 7

What is a temporary mortuary?

Answer 7

• To establish identity of the deceased and to obtain evidence to match with data obtained by the ante-mortem team.
• To establish cause of death
• To collect evidence of a potential crime,
  relating to the cause of death.
• To preserve and record personal effects of
  the deceased.
• To prepare deceased victims for release to
  family members.