Week 4 Flashcards
What is the objective of human resource strategy?
The objective is to manage labor and design jobs so people are fully utilized.
What are the 2 methods of labor planing?
- follow demand exactly
Hire when demand is increasing, fire when demand decreases. labor is treated as a variable cost - Level strategy
holding employment constant and keeps the same base of employees
What are the types of job design?
- job specialization
- job expansion
- physcological components
- self-directed teams
- motivation and incentive systems
What is job specialization?
a highly specialized job. has 4 elements:
1. dexterity - people get better
2. changeover loss - switching tasks takes time and there are costs in switching
3. dedicated tools
4. specific wages
What is job expansion and what is part of it?
Job expansion is making the job bigger.
1. job enlargement
about giving more tasks with same skill level. A horizontal expansion
2. job enrichment
about giving more responsibility and tasks with more skill level. vertical expansion
3. job empowerment
a form of enrichment by giving responsibility to the lowest area of the organization
4. Job rotation
employees can move from one specialized job to another
what are the psychological components?
1 skill variety
requires workers to use variety of skills
2. job identity
allows workers to percieve the job as whole
3. job significance
provides sense that job has impact
4. autonomy
freedom, independence
5. feedback
provide feedback on performance
What is the visual workplace?examples?
Applies visual cues at work to motivate employees and use low-cost visual devices to share information quickly.
time goals or pokayokes that are tracking devices
What are labour standards?
Labor standards are the amount of time required to perform a job. It shows what is needed to be done in how long.
how does quality improve profitability
- increase in quality increases sales
- increase in quality decrease costs
what is the definition of quality and the three specific defintions?
Totality of features and its ability to satisfy customer needs.
1. product-based quality
quality is based on the features of the product, regardless of what customer thinks
2. manufacturer-based quality
quality is conforming to standards and making it right the first time
3. customer-based view quality
about what customer percieves
It is a customer-based appraoch, then product, then manufacturer
What are 3 reasons for the improtance of quality
- Company reputation
- Global implication - must meet global standards to compete
- Product liability - firms are held for flaws
What are 4 COQ- cost of quality?
- prevention costs
costs associated with reducing the potential for defective parts - appraisal costs
costs related to evaluating products - internal failure costs
costs resulting from production of defective parts before delivery - external failure costs
costs resulting from production of defective parts after delivery
What did joshep juran say
quality=fitness for use
if it is useful for customers, then it is high quality
philip b crosby what he say
quality is free
every investment in quality pays off
What is total quality management (TQM)
idea it to encompass the entire orgnaization to care about quality.
