Week 4 Flashcards
1
Q
Common sense theory of emotion
A
- What emotional feelings do
- They produce motivated behaviour
- Stimulus – fear then body response from fear
2
Q
Cannon-bard theory
A
- Feelings and behaviour occur simultaneously
- Stimulus – fear and body response at the same time
3
Q
James-Lange theory
A
- Stimulus – body response then fear
- Behaviour comes first, feelings follow
- Theory of what emotions actually are and where they come from
- Doesn’t explain what emotions do
- Emotional feelings are sensory feelings
- Emotions stimulated when you perform actions
- Experience of a sensory feedback
- We feel sorry because we cry
4
Q
James-Lange bear example
A
- Scary bear stimulates exteroceptors
- Visual and auditory perception of stimulus lead to action programme (SNS)
- Behavioural responses stimulate receptors (somatosensory and visceral)
- Feedback of response causes the emotional experience
- Emotional experience motivates further action
- If no feedback, then no emotion
5
Q
Spinal issues associated with James-Lange
A
- People without body sensation should not experience emotion
- Loss of sensation is associated with spinal injury
- Emotions should be reduced the less the sensation
- Some studies have reported a reduction in intensity that is greater the higher the level of the injury
6
Q
Cannon-bard thalamus
A
- Emotionally significant stimulus send response to thalamus
- Thalamus is the source of emotional experience
- Thalamus sends to other subcortical structures including the hypothalamus to produce bodily responses
- Thalamus also sends signals to the cortex which produces emotional feelings
7
Q
Papez circuit
A
- Emotional stimulus causes signal to thalamus
- Thalamus sends signal to sensory cortex and hypothalamus
- Circuit
- Hypothalamus connected to bodily response
- Sensory cortex sends signal to cingulate cortex
- Hypothalamus to anterior thalamus to cingulate cortex to hippocampus
- Cingulate cortex linked to feeling
8
Q
Cingulate cortex
A
- Cortical tissue of the cingulate gyrus
9
Q
The limbic system
A
- Cingulate gyrus
- Hippocampus
- Parahippocampal gyrus
- Amygdala
- Hypothalamus
- Thalamus
10
Q
Emotional brain
A
- A brain system that is alone responsible for generating emotional experience
- Emotion is something separate fro other processes or functions such as memory, thought, perception
11
Q
Lobotomy
A
- Cutting through fibres of white matter
- Severs connections to and from the prefrontal cortex
- Orbitofrontal cortex, superior, medial and temporal regions of the prefrontal cortex
12
Q
Lobotomy impacts
A
- Depends on the extent and location
- Docile personalities
- Excessive and inappropriate emotions were reduced and eliminated
13
Q
Pathways involved in emotion
A
- Subcortical pathway – involved with emotional behaviour
- Cortical pathway – involved in production of feelings
14
Q
Pavlovian threat conditioning
A
- Conditional stimulus – beep
- Aversive unconditioned stimulus – shock
- Delay is most commonly used method
15
Q
Threat conditioning advantages
A
- Works quickly and reliability – CRs are acquired with little training
- Learned effects are very long – can be lifelong
- Operates in a range of species
16
Q
Threat conditioning – circuitry
A
- Entirely subcortical
- Auditory signals travel from the auditory nuclei to the auditory thalamus and then the amygdala
- Shock signals travel from the spinal cord to the somatosensory thalamus to the amygdala
- The amygdala – small cluster of nuclei
- LA – lateral nucleus
- CE – central nucleus
- CS and US information converges on the LA which then sends the output to the CE
- CE organises the response
- Sends to CG, LH and PVH
- CG – central grey – freeze responses
- LH – lateral hypothalamus – autonomic responses
- PVH – paraventricular hypothalamus – endocrine responses
17
Q
LA
A
lateral nucleus
