Week 4

Question 1

What is the Medial temporal lobe memory system?

Answer 1

It consists of the hippocampus and the surrounding entorhinal cortex, perirhinal cortex, and parahippocampal cortex within the temporal lobes

Question 2

What are the types of dementia?

Answer 2

• Alzheimer’s disease
  -Vascular dementia
  -Frontotemporal lobar dementias

Question 3

What is Echoic memory?

Answer 3

Represents sensory memory processes that hold recent auditory experience in echoic memory for comparison to new inputs (9-10 secs)

Question 4

What is iconic memory?

Answer 4

The neural trace for a visual sensory memory does not persist very long (300-500ms)

Question 5

What is the The Modal Model?

Answer 5

Proposes that info is first stored in sensory memory and items are selected by attentional processes to move into short-term storage. If they are rehearsed they move into the long-term memory. Information can be lost by decay and interference

Question 6

What is Episodic memory?

Answer 6

Declarative memory of events that the person has experienced and differ from personal knowledge and autobiographical memories. Episodic memory is the result of rapid associative learning and is retrieved from memory as single personal recollection

Question 7

What is semantic memory?

Answer 7

Declarative memory that consists of objective knowledge that is factual in nature

Question 8

What are the different types of non-declarative memory?

Answer 8

Priming, simple learned behaviors, conditioning, sensitization, procedural memory, motor or cognitive skills

Involves medial temporal lobe, basal ganglia, cerebellum, amygdala, neocortex.

Question 9

Describe Procedural memory?

Answer 9

-learned motor and cognitive skill
-serial selection task
-basal ganglia affected
-evidence from Parkinsons/Huntington’s disease

Question 10

What is the perceptual representation system (PRS) about?

Answer 10

Perceptual priming, where structure and form of objects and words can be primed by prior experience

Question 11

Describe priming

Answer 11

-change in the response to a stimulus, or in the ability to identify a stimulus, following prior exposure to that stimulus (perceptual, conceptual, or semantic).

-Priming is more evident if it happens in the same sensory modality, otherwise it is reduced.

-Double dissociation for declarative and nondeclarative memory systems

-Semantic vs conceptual priming

Question 12

Classical conditioning divisions?

Answer 12

1. Delay conditioning
2. Trace conditioning

Question 13

What is non-associative learning?

Answer 13

Nonassociative learning involves primarily sensory and sensorimotor (reflex) pathways.

-Habituation- the response to an unchanging
stimulus decreases over time.

-Sensitization, when response increases with repeated presentations of a stimulus.