Week 4 Flashcards
What nerve is responsible for sensation of the nipple region?
T4
What surrounds individual muscle fibres?
Endomysium
What is a fasicle?
A collection and congregation of muscle fibres surrounded by Perimysium
What surrounds and encapsulates fasicles?
Perimysium
What is the outer layer of a muscle surrounded by?
Epimysium
What is a Pennate Muscle?
When muscle fibres don’t run in parallel but rather converge in on a point (e.g. Pectoralis Major)
What is a parallel muscle?
This is when muscle fibres run in parallel (e.g. the biceps)
What separates compartments of muscles?
Intermuscular Septa
WHat are the two structural divisions of the Nervous System?
Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
What is the Somatic Nervous System in control of?
These are in control of voluntary movements
What is the Autonomic Nervous System in control of?
Involuntary movements
What are the 2 subsections of the Autonomic Nervous System?
The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nervous system
What surround individual neuron fibres?
Endoneurium
What surrounds a fascicle of neuron fibres?
Perineurium
What surrounds a collection of fascicles of nerve fibres?
Endoneurium
How many pairs of spinal nerves do you have?
31
What is the name given to the collection of nerves which innervate upper and lower extremities?
Plexuses
What are the two kinds of Neuron fibres?
Afferent (Sensory) Neurons and Efferent (Motor) Neurons
Where is the cell body found in nerves?
In the Dorsal Route Ganglion
What kind of nerve fibres are found in dorsal and ventral ramus?
Both Efferent and Afferent Neurons
What region of the body does the Dorsal Ramus innervate?
The back
What region of the body do Ventral ramus innervate?
Anteriolateral regions
What is a dermatome?
Is the area of skin innervated by a single spinal root (spinal route is where peripheral nervous system joins central nervous system)
What is a Myotome?
Is a group of muscle innervated by a sing spinal root
What direction do the external obliques run in?
Fibres run downwards like your putting your hands in your pockets
What direction do internal obliques run in?
Fibres run upwards at 45 degree angle towards the sternum direction
What direction do the tranverse abdominis run in?
Fibres run horizontally along the coronal plane
What nerve supplies the extensor muscles in the arm and forearm?
Radial Nerve
What nerve supplies the extensors in the forearm and arm?
Musculocutaneous Nerve
What does an agonist muscle do?
They are the prime mover which contract the muscle
What does an antagonistic muscle do?
They relax and lengthen the muscle
What does a fixator muscle do?
They provide stability around joints and other muscles
What nerve innervates the posterior portion of the thigh?
Sciatic Nerve
What are the three muscle compartments of the thigh?
Anterior, Posterior and Medial
What do the intrinsic muscles of the hand allow for?
Precision and fine motor movements
What do the intrinsic muscles of the foot allow for?
Supporting while walking and maintaining the arches of the foot
Where do spinal nerves exit the vertebral column?
Through Intervertebral Foramen
What is the somatic reflex arch?
This is the Afferent neuron synapsing onto an Interneuron and then synapsing onto an Efferent neuron
What would happen if we had damage to the dorsal horn?
We would lose sensation in the area that the spinal root innervates
What would happen if there was damage to the ventral horn?
We would lose motor function in the area that the spinal root innervates?
What would happen if we damaged a ramus?
We would lose both Motor Function (Efferent) and Sensation (Afferent) in the area it innervates
