Week 34 Review Flashcards
First Chief Justice of the Supreme Court:
John Jay
Event that demonstrated the end of communist rule in Europe and signified the end of the Cold War:
the fall of the Berlin Wall
First state to secede from the Union:
South Carolina
Battle during which one hundred fifty Texans fought a Mexican army of four thousand:
Battle of the Alamo
Oldest city in the mainland of the United States:
St. Augustine, Florida
American pioneer who conquered California:
John C. Fremont
First English colony in America, which disappeared:
Roanoke
Battles of Lexinton and Concord
April 19, 1775
National Socialist German Workers’ Party
Nazi Party (Nazis)
President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Federal aid programs, begun as an answer to the Great Depression:
the New Deal
Chief frustration of American colonists:
taxation without representation
Two competing forces in WWI:
Allies: Great Britain, France, Russia, China, Greece, Japan, Belgium, Italy (from 1915), and United States (from 1917) Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire
Event that led America to join WWII:
the bombing of Pearl Harbor
Confederate ironclad ship that wrought havoc on the union fleet:
Merrimac
Land purchased by the Dutch man Minuit for about twenty-four dollars’ worth of trinkets:
Manhattan Island
The movement of protest in America against the unjust laws of segregation:
Civil Rights Movement
Second Continental Congress:
May 1775
Date of Boston Tea Party:
1773
Date of the Battle at Fort Sumter:
April 12, 1861
Document that established a central government for the United States:
the Articles of Confederation
Former slave who led over 300 slaves to freedom:
Harriet Tubman
Dates of WWI (The Great War)
1914-1918
General who fought the Sioux at Big Horn:
George A. Custer
Father of the Declaration of Independence
Thomas Jefferson
Harsh document drafted at the peace conference after WWI
The Versailles Peace Settlement/Treaty of Versailles
Revolutionary battle lost by Americans but considered a victory:
Battle of Bunker Hill
Date of the Second Treaty of Paris:
September 3, 1783
Riders sent to warn Charlestownand Lexinton of the coming British army:
Paul Revere and William Dawes
Actor who assassinated President Lincoln:
John Wilkes Booth
“Sic semper tyrannis!” Who said it?
John Wilkes Booth
French and Indian War dates:
1754-1763
President during WWI:
Woodrow Wilson
General of the Mexican army:
Santa Anna
Date of the Gold Rush:
1849
War fought against the Soviet Union’s attempt to expand their influence south of the 38th parallel:
the Korean War
Event during which Americans dressed as natives and dumped tea in the harbor:
Boston Tea Party
Era of hardship initiated by the crash of the stock market:
the Great Depression
Land granted to William Penn:
Pennsylvania
Who establised the colony?
Sir Walter Raleigh
“Don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes!”
Who said it?
General William Prescott
Head of the Supreme Court:
Chief Justice
Dates of The Cold War
1945-1989
The young American patriot who was hanged as a spy by the British:
Nathan Hale
“Slavery is in all probability the wedge which will split up this union.”
John Quincy Adams
War that forced Spain to give up all control of Cuba, Puerto Rico,and the Philippines:
Spanish-American War
American general who captured Mexico City:
Winfield Scott
Date the European Theater of WWII ends (V-E Day):
May 8, 1945
Date of The Mexican War:
1846-1848
The agreement that establihsed a form of government for the pilgrims:
Mayflower Compact
Father of the Constitution:
James Madison
Native chief who led war against settlers in the Indiana Territory:
Tecumseh
“The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”
Franklin D. Roosevelt
African American woman arrested for occupying a white man’s bus seat:
Rosa Parks
Head of the law-interpreting branch:
Supreme Court
Inventor of the telegraph:
Samuel Morse
Battle that was the turning point for the Revolutionary War:
Saratoga
Date of surrender at Appomattox
April 9, 1865
“Speak softly and carry a big stick.”
Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt
American general at the Battle of New Orleans:
Andrew Jackson
Document that signified the end of the French and Indian War:
the Treaty of Paris
Date Nazis invaded Poland:
September 1, 1939
Wrote the first dictionary in America:
Noah Webster
Commander-in-chief of the Continental Army:
George Washington
The original inhabitants of this continent:
Native Americans
“If I can ever hit that thing, I’ll hit it hard!
What was the occasion?
speaking about slavery
“I have a dream…” What was the occasion?
a speech in Washington against segregation
Minister who led the Civil Rights Movement through non-violent protest:
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Gift France presented to the U.S. during the presidency of Grover Cleveland:
Statue of Liberty
Axis dictators at the beginning of WWII:
Soviet Union- Joseph Stalin Italy- Benito Mussolini Japan- Emperor Hirohito Germany- Adolf Hitler
Even that started WWII:
Nazi invasion of Poland
American scientist in charge of the Manhattan Project:
J. Robert Oppenheimer
“Don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes!”
What was the occasion?
Battle of Bunker HIll
“Sic semper tyrannis!” What was the occasion?
the assassination of Lincoln
Men from the North who took office in the South without having land in the South:
carpetbaggers
First English sailor to circle the globe:
Sir Fancis Drake
Act of President Lincoln that declared all slaves free in the Confederate States:
Emancipation Proclamation
American general who defeated Santa Anna:
Zachary Taylor
President of Congress that accepted the Declaration:
John Hancock
Inventor of the electric lightbulb:
Thomas Edison
Union ironclad that defeated the confederate ironclad:
Monitor
Explorer after whom our continent is named:
Amerigo Vespucci
Dates of The Korean War
1950-1953
Archduke of Austria-Hungary killed by a Serbian revolutionary:
Franz Ferdinand
War fought over the boundaries between Texas and Mexico:
the Mexican War
Date of the War of 1812:
1812-1814
Law-enforcing branch:
Executive
Commander-in-chief of the Confederate Army:
Robert E. Lee
Law that forbade colonists from building boats and required all goods to be carried on English ships:
the Navigation Act
“I have a dream…” Who said it?
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Even in Boston during which British soldiers opened fire on unarmed colonists:
Boston Massacre
First Continental Congress:
September 1774
Treaty of Ghent
1814
Event during which Washington surprised and captured the Hessians:
crossing of the Delaware
“To be prepared for war is one of the most effectual means of preserving peace.”
George Washington
Two bodies of Congress:
House of Representatives and the Senate
System of secretly transporting slaves to Canada:
the Underground Railroad
“If I can ever hit that thing, I’ll hit it hard!
Who said it?
Abraham Lincoln
First form of representative government in America, established in Virginia:
The House of Burgesses
“That man has an ax to grind.”
Benjamin Franklin
Law that inducted Maine into the Union as a free state and Missouri as a slave state and said no slavery will be allowed in the Lousiana Territory avoe the 36° 30° parallel:
the Missouri Compromise
Leader of the first expedition to circle the globe:
Ferdinand Magellan
First time delegates from all the colonies met to discuss the rights of American colonists:
First Continental Congress
Date of attack on Pearl Harbor:
December 7, 1941
King of Portugal who suggested dit was possible to sail around Africa:
Henry the Navigator
British prime minister who refused to give in to Nazi attacks during WWII:
Winston Churchill
Movement of many settlers to California in hopes of becoming rich:
the Gold Rush
War between France and England in America:
the French and Indian War
“That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.” Who said it?
Neil Armstrong
Longstanding conflict between the spread of communism by the Soviet Union and the sustaining of democracy:
the Cold War
Those who opposed slavery:
abolitionists
Head of the law-enforcing branch:
President
“Don’t give up the ship!”
What was the occasion?
naval battle in War of 1812
Governor of the Indiana Territory who defeated the feared Native chief:
William Henry Harrison
Separatists that sailed to the new land:
Pilgrims
The original name given to WWI:
The Great War
Financed Columbus’s first voyage:
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain
Inventor of the cotton gin:
Eli Whitney
Land purchased from Mexico in the West for building train routes to California:
the Gadsden Purchase
Date of the Louisiana Purchase
1803
First battles of the Revolutionary War:
Lexington and Concord
Protectore of Engalnd who established the Navigation Act:
Oliver Cromwell
“Don’t give up the ship!”
Who said it?
Captain James Lawrence
Location of the first shot fired in the Civil War:
Fort Sumter
Head of the law-making branch:
Congresss
Invention that changed modern agriculture:
McCormick Reaper
Short civil war in Virginia during which Jamestown was seized:
Bacon’s Rebellion
Laws in America that enforced the segregation of races:
Jim Crow Laws
General who captured Quebec:
James Wolfe
Traitor who plotted to give up the fort at West Point:
Benedict Arnold
Date of the Emancipation Proclamation:
January 1, 1863
Battle fought after the War of 1812 had ended:
Battle of New Orleans
Dates of the Vietnam War
1957-1975
Borderline seperating Pennsylvania and Maryland:
Mason-Dixon Line
Land purchased by Jefferson from Emperor Napoleaon:
Louisiana Purchase
Framework for the government of the United States:
the Constitution
The second major conflict fought during the Cold War:
the Vietnam War
Law-interpreting branch:
Judicial
Two competing forces in WWII:
Allies: Great Britain (including Canada and India), China, France, Soviet Union (from 1941), United States (from 1941) Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, Soviet Union (until 1941)
Inventor of the first steamboat:
Robert Fulton
Government established by the states that seceded from the Union:
Confederacy
General at Bunker HIll:
William Prescott
“I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country.”
Nathan Hale
Event that bankrupted the American economy, culminating in Black Tuesday:
Stock Market Crash of 1929
First European to reach India by sea:
Vasco da Gama
Commander-in-chief of the Union Army:
Ulysses S. Grant
The three men who met together to draft the peace treaty after WWI and the countries they represented:
- Woodrow Wilson- United States 2. David Lloyd George- Great Britain 3. Georges Clemenceau- France
Dates of the Great Depression:
1929-1941 (or the 1930s)
First astronaut to set foot on the moon:
Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin
“That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.” What was the occasion?
the first human taking a step on the moon
Union general who captured and burned Atlanta:
William T. Sherman
Date of the Battle of Gettysburg:
July 1-3, 1863
The Viking credited as the first European to visit North America in 1000 A.D.:
Lief Ericson
Event during Cold War in which the United States and the Soviet Union almost engaged in nuclear war:
the Cuban Missile Crisis
Five causes of the Revolutionary War:
- trade and navigation laws
- stamp act
- Townshend Acts
- Boston Massacre
- the Five Intolerable Acts
Columbus Discoverd America in:
1492
Three brances of the Amercian government established by the Constitution:
Legislative, Executive, Judicial
Two Japanese cities destroyed by the first atomic bombs:
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Plan to use the U.S. money to fund the reconstruction of Western Europe:
the Marshall Plan
Wrote “The Star-Spangled Banner” while held captive on a British ship:
Francis Scott Key
Name three heroes in the Battle of the Alamo:
Sam Houston, Davy Crockett, William Travis
“We have met the enemy and they are ours.”
What was the occasion?
naval battle in the war of 1812
Treaty that ended the Mexican war and gave the United States New Mexico and what was called Upper California:
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Final battle of the Revolutionary War:
Yorktown
Event that led to America declaring war with Spain:
explosion of the Maine
“We have met the enemy and they are ours.”
Who said it?
Oliver Perry
Volunteer soldiers ready at a moment’s notice:
minutemen
President who fought to put America ahead in the “Space Race” and was assassinated while in Texas:
John F. Kennedy
Bill that inducted California as a free state and allowed the Utah and New Mexico territories to choose whether or not they would be free or slave states:
the Compromise of 1850
“I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty or give me death.”
Patrick Henry
Englishmen who desired a plainer and purer religion:
Puritans
R. W. Emerson describes the first battle as:
“the shot heard round the world”
“I have not yet begun to fight.”
Who said it?
John Paul Jones
Place where Lee surrendered to Grant:
Appomattox Courthouse
“Perhaps so; but I shall have the honor of presiding at that dinner.”
Who said it?
Andrew Jackson
Native Americans who aided the Pilgrims:
Samoset and Squanto
Men hired by Jefferson to explore the new territory:
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark
Document that signified the official end of the Revolutionary War:
Second Treaty of Paris
European credited with the discovery of America:
Christopher Columbus
Law-making branch:
Legislative
Head of the colony in Jamestown:
Captian John Smith
War fought to free American trade and earn the respect of other nations:
War of 1812
American general and commander of the Allied forces who organized D-Day:
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Famous American naval officers who fought in the War of 1812:
Captain James Lawrence and Oliver H. Perry
Men who were willing to vote for anyone who paid them:
scalawags
Date the Pacific Theater of WWII ends (V-J Day)
September 2, 1945
“I have not yet begun to fight.”
What was the occasion?
naval battle with British
President Roosevelt described the attack on Pearl Harbor as:
“a date which will live in infamy”
French nobleman who served int he American army:
Marquis de Lafayette
The right of women to vote:
women’s suffrage
Law passed by South Carolina in reaction to Congress’ attempt to place a high tariff on foreign goods:
the Nullification Act
First president of the United States:
George Washington
President of the Confederacy:
Jefferson Davis
Name the thirteen original colonies:
- Virginia
- Massachusetts
- New Hampshire
- New York
- Maryland
- Connecticut
- Rhode Island
- North Carolina
- South Carolina
- New Jersey
- Pennsylvania
- Delaware
- Georgia
“Be sure you are right, then go ahead.”
Davy Crockett
French sailor who discoverd the St. Lawrence River:
Jacques Cartier
British general forced to surrender at Yorktown:
Cornwallis
Foreign policy that forbade European countries from establishing colonies in North or South America and told them not to meddle in American affairs:
the Monroe Doctrine
Top secret project intended to create an atomic bomb:
The Manhattan Project
Wilson’s idea for sustained world peace:
The League of Nations
Document that signified the end of the War of 1812:
Treaty of Ghent
Massachusetts Senator known as one of the greatest orators in the history of the U.S.:
Daniel Webster
“Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable.”
Daniel Webster
English Sailor who discovered Cape Cod:
John Cabot
War between France and England in Europe:
the Seven Years’ War
Systematic massacre of European Jews by the Nazis:
the Holocaust
“To the victors belong the spoils.”
Who said it?
Andrew Jackson
“Perhaps so; but I shall have the honor of presiding at that dinner.”
What was the occasion?
Battle of New Orleans, in response to a boast from a British officer that he was going to eat his Christmas dinner in New Orleans.
Slave who appealed to the Supreme Court for his freedom:
Dred Scott
States int he Confederacy:
- South Carolina
- Mississippi
- Floria
- Alabama
- Georgia
- Louisiana
- Texas
- Arkansas
- North Carlolina
- Virginia
- Tennessee
“Ask not what your country can do for you— ask what you can do for your country.”
John F. Kennedy
Date America enters WWI:
1917
Author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin:
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Date of the Constitution:
March 4, 1789
The largest land assault during WWII, also called D-Day:
the storming of Normandy
Revolt that demonstrated the need for a stronger central government:
Shays’ Rebellion
American naval officer who did great damage to the British navy during hte Revolutionary War:
John Paul Jones
Puritans that left the Anglican Chruch altogether:
Separatists
Date of Boston Massacre:
1770
United States national motto and meaning:
E pluribus unum- One out of many
Date of the Declaration of Independence
July 4, 1776
Organization of nations created to keep the peace after WWII:
the United Nations (UN)
First lasting English colony:
Jamestown
Battle that changed the course of the Civil War:
Battle of Gettysburg
“To the victors belong the spoils.”
What was the occasion?
Andrew Jackson had won the election and given offices to all his friends.
