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Anatomy Head and Neck > Week 3 Wet Room Special Senses > Flashcards

Week 3 Wet Room Special Senses Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 3 foramina at the apex of the orbit

A

Optic foramen
Superior orbital fissure
Inferior orbital fissure

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2
Q

What passes through the Optic Foramen

A

Optic nerve

Ophthalmic artery

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3
Q

What passes through the superior orbital fissure

A 
CN III
CN IV
CN VI
Ophthalmic division of V nerve
Ophthalmic veins
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4
Q

What passes through the inferior orbital fissure

A

Maxillary division of V nerve

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5
Q

Name the paranasal air sinuses on the skull

A

Frontal
Ethmoid air cells
Maxillary
Sphenoid

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6
Q

What are the main contents of the orbit

A 
Branches of the ophthalmic artery
Extrinsic ocular muscles
Ligaments supporting the eye
II, III, IV, VI nerve
Lacrimal (tear) apparatus
Fat, orbital and retrobulbar fascia 
Ciliary ganglion
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7
Q

What makes up the outer fibrous layer of the eye

A

Sclera and Cornea- complete layer extends all the way round

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8
Q

What makes up the middle vascular layer of the eye

A

Choriod and Ciliary body and Ciliary process- incomplete anteriorly. Anterior aperture is called pupil

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9
Q

What makes up the inner sensory layer of the eye

A

Retina- posteriorly

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10
Q

What is the name given to the watery fluid in the anterior segment of the eye

A

Aqueous humour

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11
Q

What name is given to the gel in the posterior segment of the eye

A

Vitreous humour

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12
Q

Name features found in the eye

A 
Ciliary body
Lens
Macular
Optic disc
Optic nerve
Ora Serrata
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13
Q

What part of the eye produces (secretes) aqueous humour

A

Anterior segment

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14
Q

Where is the Ciliaris located

A

Radially running muscle on borders

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15
Q

What is the action of the Ciliaris muscle

A

Accommodation

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16
Q

What nerve innervates the Ciliaris muscle

A

Parasympathetic via cranial nerve III

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17
Q

What is the location of the sphincter papillae

A

Pupillary border of iris

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18
Q

What is the action of the sphincter papillae

A

Constricts pupil

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19
Q

What is the sphincter papillae innervated by

A

Parasympathetic via cranial nerve III

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20
Q

Where is the dilatory papillae located

A

Radially running muscle in iris

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21
Q

What is the action of the dilator papillae

A

Dilates pupil

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22
Q

What is the innervation of the dilator papillae

A

Sympathetic

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23
Q

What muscles produce eye movements

A

Extrinsic eye muscles

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24
Q

There are 6 Extrinsic muscles, 4 straight and 2 oblique what are they

A 
Lateral rectus
Medial rectus
Superior rectus
Inferior rectus
Superior oblique
Inferior oblique
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25
Q

What is the actions of the medial rectus

A

Adduct

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26
Q

What is the action of the lateral rectus

A

Abduct

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27
Q

What is the action of the superior rectus

A

Elevation, Adduction, Intorsion

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28
Q

What is the action of the inferior rectus

A

Depression, adduction, extorsion

29
Q

What are the action of the superior oblique

A

Depression, abduction, intorsion

30
Q

What are the actions of the inferior oblique

A

Extorsion, Elevation,Abduction

31
Q

Which is the only muscle that does not arise from the posterior aspect of the orbit

A

Inferior oblique

32
Q

Name the ligaments that prevent over-adduction and over-abduction of the eye

A

Medial and Lateral check ligaments

33
Q

What is the function of the suspensory ligament of the eye

A

Collectively they work with oblique muscles and retrobulbar fat to resist the posterior pull on the eyeball produced by the rectus muscle

34
Q

Name the branch of the internal carotid artery that supplies the orbit and they eye

A

Ophthalmic artery

35
Q

Which foramina in the orbit do the ophthalmic veins pass through to enter into the cavernous venous sinus in the cranial cavity

A

Superior orbital fissure

36
Q

Which part of the orbit does the lacrimal gland lie

A

Lateral

37
Q

From which cranial nerve does parasympathetic innervation to the lacrimal gland arise

A

Greater petrosal nerve from facial nerve

38
Q

Into which meatus of the nasal cavity does the lacrimal sac drain in to

A

Inferior

39
Q

From the outside of the ear to the inside name the structures

A

Tympanic membrane
Malleus
Incus
Stapes

40
Q

What type of joints are found between the ossicles

A

Synovial

41
Q

Which ossicle in the ear is in contact with the tympanic membrane

A

The malleus

42
Q

Which ossicle is in contact with the oval window

A

Stapes

43
Q

Name 2 muscles related to the ossicles

A

Tensor tympani and Stapedius

44
Q

What are the actions of the Tensor tympani and Stapedius

A 
Dampen or resist movements of auditory ossicles
Dampens movements (vibrations) of the tympanic membrane
45
Q

Name 2 area with which the cavity of the middle ear communicates

A 
Pharyngotympanic tube (Eustachian tube)
Mastoid antrum
46
Q

Within which part of the temporal one do the middle and inner ear lie

A

Petrous part

47
Q

The inner ear consists of a series of bone lined chambers called

A

The bony labyrinth

48
Q

Inside the bony labyrinth lies a series of membranous chambers called

A

The membranous labyrinth

49
Q

What is the fluid that lies within the bony labyrinth

A

Perilymph

50
Q

What is the fluid that lies within the membrane labyrinth

A

Endolymph

51
Q

What is the function of the cochlea and semilunar canals

A

Reception of sound and maintenance of balance

52
Q

Through which foramen does the facial nerve exit the posterior cranial fossa

A

Internal acoustic meatus

53
Q

Which other cranial nerve exit through this Foramen

A

Vestibulochlear

54
Q

The Chorda tympani nerve carries ___

A

Parasympathetic (preganglionic) efferent fibres for the submandibular and sublingual gland
Sensory fibres to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue (taste)

55
Q

Where are the cervical lymph nodes located

A

Around international jugular vein and within the fascia of the carotid sheath. extend from base of skull to the root od the neck at thoracic inlet

56
Q

What is located at the inferior end of the deep cervical chain

A

Efferent lymphatic vessels that join together to form the jugular lymph trunk on each side

57
Q

Where do the efferent lymphatic from the jugular lymph drain on the right and left side

A

Right side- junction of the IJV and subclavian

Left side- Thoracic duct

58
Q

Where are the parotid lymph nodes located and where do they drain lymph from

A

On or in parotid gland

Scalp around parotid gland, lateral parts of eyelid and middle ear

59
Q

Where are the Buccal lymph nodes located and where do they drain lymph from

A

Over buccinator muscle

Cheek region

60
Q

Where are the submental lymph nodes located and where do they drain lymph from

A

Anteriorly just under mandible
Anterior tongue tip
Central part of floor of the mouth and chin

61
Q

Where are the submandibular lymph nodes located and where do they drain lymph from

A

Below lower border of body of mandible
Scalp, nose, lips, air sinuses (ethmoid, frontal, maxillary, teeth, gums, anterior tongue, floor of the mouth and efferent lymphatics from submental nodes)

62
Q

Where are the mastoid lymph nodes located and where do they drain lymph from

A

Overlie mastoid process

Middle region of scalp and external auditory meatus

63
Q

Where are the occipital lymph nodes located and where do they drain lymph from

A

Overlie occipital process

Back of scalp

64
Q

Where do all the efferent lymphatic vessels from the lymph nodes in the head an neck end up

A

Deep cervical nodes

65
Q

Where are the anterior cervical nodes located and where do they drain lymph from

A

Lie along anterior jugular veins

Superficial structures of the neck

66
Q

Where are the Superficial Cervical nodes located and where do they drain lymph from

A

Lie along the external jugular veins

Parotid nodes, angle of mandible, structures that lie at the junction between the next, the face and the scalp

67
Q

Where are the retropharyngeal nodes located and where do they drain lymph from

A

Lie between the pharynx and the veterbral bodies

Nasopharynx, auditory tube and the upper cervical vertebral column

68
Q

Where are the Laryngeal nodes located and where do they drain lymph from

A

Lie around the cricothyroid ligament

Larynx and adjacent structures

69
Q

Where are the Tracheal nodes located and where do they drain lymph from

A

Around Trachea

Trachea and thyroid gland

Anatomy Head and Neck (6 decks)

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