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Bits And Bytes Of Computer Networking > Week 3 Transport Layer > Flashcards

Week 3 Transport Layer Flashcards

1
Q

Transport Layer

A

Allow traffic to be directed to specific network applications

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2
Q

Application Layer

A

Allows these applications to communicate in a way to understand

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3
Q

Port

A

16-bit number that’s used to direct traffic to specific services running on a network computer

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4
Q

TCP segment

A

Made up of a TCP header and a data section

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5
Q

Destination port

A

The port of the service the traffic is intended for

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6
Q

Source port

A

A high level port chosen from a special section of ports known as ephemeral ports

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7
Q

Sequence number

A

32 bit number that used to keep track of where in a sequence of TCP segments this one is expected to be

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8
Q

Acknowledge number

A

The number of the expected segment

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9
Q

Data offset field

A

4 bit number that communicates how long the TCP header for the segment is

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10
Q

TCP window

A

Specifies the range of sequence numbers that might be sent before an acknowledgement is required

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11
Q

Checksum

A

16 bit, once all segments has been ingested by recipient it is calculated across the entire segment and is compare with checksum header to make sure there is no data lost or corruption

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12
Q

Urgent pointer field

A

Used in conjunction with one of the TCP control flags to point out particular segments that might be more important than others

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13
Q

Options field

A

Sometimes used for more complicated flow control protocols

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14
Q

Padding

A

A sequence of zeros to make sure the data payload begins at the expected location

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15
Q

URG (urgent)
(Control Flag)

A

A value of one here indicates that the segment is considered urgent and that the urgent pointer field has more data about this

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16
Q

ACK (acknowledged)
(Control flag)

A

A value of one in this field means that the acknowledgment number field should be examined

17
Q

PSH (push)
(control flag)

A

The transmitting device wants the receiving device to push currently buffered data to the application on the receiving end as soon as possible

18
Q

RST (reset)
( control flag)

A

One of the sides in a tcp connection hasn’t been able to properly recover from a series of missing or malformed segments

19
Q

SYN (synchronize)
(Control flag)

A

It’s used when first establishing a tcp connection and makes sure the receiving end knows to examine the sequence number field

20
Q

FIN (finish)
(control flag)

A

When this flag is set to one, it means the transmitting computer doesn’t have any more data to send and the connection can be closed

21
Q

Handshake

A

A way for two devices to ensure that they’re speaking the same protocol and will be able to understand each other

22
Q

Socket

A

The installation of end point in a potential tcp connection

23
Q

Instantiating

A

The actual implementation of something defined elsewhere

24
Q

LISTEN
(Server side)

A

A tcp socket is ready and listening for incoming connections

25
Q

SYN_SENT
(Client side)

A

A synchronization request has been sent, but the connection hasn’t been established yet

26
Q

SYN_RECEIVED
(Server side)

A

A socket previously in a listen state has received a synchronization request and sent a SYN/ACK back

27
Q

ESTABLISHED

A

The TCP connection is in working order and both sides are free to send each other data

28
Q

FIN_WAIT

A

A FIN been sent, but the corresponding ACK from the other end hasn’t been received yet

29
Q

CLOSE_WAIT

A

The connection has been closed at the TCP layer, but that the application that opened the socket hasn’t released its hold on the socket yet

30
Q

CLOSED

A

The connection has been fully terminated and that no further communication is possible

31
Q

Connection oriented protocol

A

Establishes a connection and uses this to ensure that all data has been properly transmitted

32
Q

Firewall

A

A device that blocks traffic that reaches certain criteria

33
Q

Which TCP flag is used to make listing program respond immediately?

A

PSH

34
Q

What is identified as ports 49152 through 65535?

A

Ephemeral ports

35
Q

User data protocol (UDP)

A

A transfer protocol that does not rely on connections. This protocol does not support the concept of acknowledgement. With UDP, you just set a destination port and send data packet.

36
Q

Multiplexing

A

Means that nodes on the network have the ability to direct traffic toward many different receiving services

37
Q

Demultiplexing

A

Taking traffic that’s all aimed at the same node and delivering it to the proper receiving services

Bits And Bytes Of Computer Networking (15 decks)

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