Week 3 - Neuroscience in education Flashcards
What research suggests that arithmetic processing may be affected by the language in which children are addressed in school?
What study supports that training in science – particularly when concepts are counter-intuitive – may require extra attention in order to untrain the brain to react in an automatic way?
What is metacognition?
Thinking about thinking. Consists of knowledge and regulation.
What are three types of knowledge?
pattern knowledge about oneself as a learner and factors affecting cognition;
task knowledge, which includes knowledge about the demand of different tasks;
and strategy knowledge, which is knowledge about the types of strategies most likely to be useful.
An example of how these different knowledge types interact is as follows. A pupil, who knows that they’re better at multiple choice questions, compared to open-ended questions - referred to as person knowledge - takes a decision in an exam - referred to as task knowledge - to answer multiple choice questions first, giving them more time to answer open-ended questions - referred to a strategy knowledge.
What is dyscalculia?
It is a specific learning disability affecting the normal acquisition of arithmetic skills.
Symptoms may include poor understanding of symbols, but a child who has extreme difficulty learning times tables may also be at risk. Other symptoms include reversing or transposing numbers in an inaccurate and inconsistent way. Other symptoms, used for diagnosis, include broader consequences of developmental dyscalculia, such as a poor sense of direction – understanding north, south, east and west or using a map – or difficulty using a calculator or computer. Very often, dyscalculia may lead children to avoid or even have a phobia of maths, because the anxiety of failing to perform leads to avoidance behaviour.
Piaget and Vygotsky’s models of learning
