Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Exercise Prescription II > Week 3 - Inflammation and repair > Flashcards

Week 3 - Inflammation and repair Flashcards

1
Q

Acute inflammation usually lasts ___ hrs

A

0-72 hrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

During acute inflammatory stage, is there vasodilation or vasoconstriction first?

A

vasoconstriction (5-10 minutes) –> vasodilation (hours-days)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When does the clotting cascade begin?

A

During the acute inflammatory stage (0-72 hrs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define exudate

A

Fluid that leaks out of blood vessels into nearby tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happens during the clotting cascade?

A
  • Blood leaking from injury after vasoconstriction helps form a clot
  • Exudate is rich in cells for healing
  • Prevents further bleeding and infection
  • Stimulates healing process
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The role of white blood cells in healing…?

A
  • clean the wound
  • Increase vascular permeability
  • Promotes fibroblast activity (synthesise extracellular matrix and collagen)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Vasodilation is promoted by various ____________ systems associated with the increased flow into the affected region

A

plasma cascade systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Inflammation is tissue _____

A

pressurised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Reparation/Proliferation stage is from _____ to ____?

A

72 hrs to 6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

During the reparation/proliferation stage, what is occuring?

A
  • Proliferation of capillaries
  • Fibroblasts synthesise collagens and proteoglycans
  • Collagen type III, gradually increasing type I synthesis
  • Scar tissue: increase collagen III
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Remodelling phase last from ___ to ____

A

6 weeks to months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What occurs during the remodelling phase?

A
  • Restructuring of the tissue
  • Differentiation to tissue specific cells
  • Mechanical load -> gradual re-organisation of the tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In bone healing, the inflammatory response is….?

A

the formation of haematoma and granulation tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In bone healing, the reparation/proliferation phase is….?

A
  • Callus formation
  • cartilaginous and chondriod tissue
  • Ossification of callus
  • Hardening of callus consisting primarily of woven bone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In bone healing, the remodelling phase is….?

A
  • woven bone (more space in bone -> like aero bar) is gradually replaced by lamellar bone (mature bone)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are 3 types of cartilage articular damage?

A
  1. Loss of cartilage matrix molecules
  2. Isolated damage (chondral fracture)
  3. Injury to the cartilage and its underlying bone (osteocondral fracture)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Is osteoarthritis is a bone or cartilage issue?

A

Cartilage

18
Q

Osteoarthritis is progressive …?

A

degeneration of the joint articular cartilage

19
Q

cartilage surface defect vs full thickness defect?

A

Surface: Relatively stable as long as mechanical changes are minor (but risk of OA)
Full: general healing process, but mechanical integrity will never be complete

20
Q

Cartilage’s healing potential is limited due to…

A

its avascularity (lack of blood flow)

21
Q

Are haematomas intermuscular or intramuscular?

A

Can be both

22
Q

A haematoma is…?

A

A local accumulation of blood after direct injury (collision) or indirect injury (muscle strain)

23
Q

An intramuscular haematoma particularly from repeated trauma leads to greater risk of…?

A

Myositis ossificans

24
Q

Calcification of a haematoma causes (2)..?

A
  • swelling and hardening of the muscle

- restriction of ROM

25
Q

What two muscles most often experience direct trauma type injuries, so most often identified to exhibit myositis ossificans?

A

Biceps and quadriceps

26
Q

What is myositis ossificans?

A

Bone tissue formed within muscle from trauma, often has to be surgically removed

27
Q

What can be 3 problems in healing that occur?

A
  • Capillary persistence post the inflammatory stage
  • Random arrangement of collagen fibres in the scar tissue (primarily type III, not in parallel with primary loading direction or other fibres)
  • Immobilisation (evidence for marked decrease in tissue mass and CSA, decreased tensile strength)
28
Q

Do anti inflammatories or opiate based meds help recovery?

A

May reduce acute pain, but can slow recovery with repeated use as it reduced capillarisation (blood supply)

29
Q

What is tendinopathy

A

A type of overuse injury, where the tendon is repeatedly strained until tiny tears form

30
Q

Tendons transmit force, store energy, YET the tissue has a slow ______ rate

A

metabolic

31
Q

Suggested for tendinopathy/chronic injury that it is given _______ of complete rest

A

2-3 weeks

32
Q

Tendinopathy/chronic injury recovery post rest?

A

Eccentric strengthening, focusing on tempo control and load (not maximum repetitions)

33
Q

The use of NSAIDS (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) for tendinopathy

A
  • Theoretically works for pain but

- may masks symptoms and worsen condition

34
Q

The use of corticosteroids for tendinopathy?

A
  • Debatable
  • can increase collagen synthesis
  • can be good short term treatment, high frequency of relapse and recurrence
35
Q

Manual/physical therapy approaches for tendinopathy and their efficacy?

A
  • insufficient evidence
  • may increase collagen?
  • little effect on inflammation
  • not very effective
36
Q

Using ice to treat tendinpathy?

A
  • should not be applied prior to sporting participation
  • Mask ongoing damage
  • not treatment for tendinopathy
37
Q

Using braces to treat tendinpathy?

A
  • adjunct for joint stabilisation (weak structure loaded in different directions?)
  • Loading is still transmitted via tendon with a brace
  • Not good evidence, false sense of security
38
Q

Using technique correlation to treat tendinpathy?

A
  • May be effective if it is caused by that
  • e.g. Backhand technique for tennis elbow
  • Only applicable in certain scenarios
39
Q

The use of autogous platelet injection on tendinopathy ?

A
  • Patella -> yes
  • Elbow -> no (mixed options)
  • Achille -> maybe
40
Q

DOMS is damage to which part of the muscle

A

z-line disruption

41
Q

DOMS causes what to circulate?

A

creatine kinase

42
Q

Do tendinopathy’s have swelling?

A

No (only acute have swelling)

Exercise Prescription II (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions