Week 3- Infant Flashcards
Infants are the most vulnerable and dependent member of society?
True
What age group are infants?
Birth - 18 months
What is the oral stage of development?
Physical task of breathing, sucking, eating, digesting, eliminating and sleeping
What type of external stimulants should be used for this age?
Auditory and visual stimuli
Ex: Colourful mobiles Radio Spoken voice Toys : sense of touch
Who does the infant build trust for first?
Mother, then other significant people
If an infants meets are not met appropriately they will grow up with a sense of mistrust?
True
How does the infant learn to trust the caretaker and view the world as a safe, secure place where they can be trusting, cooperative and helpful towards others?
Consistent responsiveness from the caregiver to meet the physical and psychological needs of the infant
What is the difference between neonate and infant?
Neonate = 1st month of life Infant = 1 month - 1 year
How much do babies weight at birth?
3.2 - 3.8 kg
What happens to a babies weight by 6 months?
It doubles
What happens to a babies weight by 1 year?
It triples
What is the length of a baby at birth?
50-52cm
How much smaller is the chest than the head at birth?
2.5cm
At what age is the chest and head circumference the same size?
9 months
At what age is the chest circumference larger than the head?
1 year
At what age does the posterior frontanel close?
2 months
At what age does the anterior Frontenal close?
12-18 months
When are iron supplements required for infants?
After 6 months
Developmental landmark for 1 month
Lifts head when prone (laying on tummy)
What is the developmental landmark for 2 months?
Has a social smile
What is the developmental landmark for 4 months?
Squeals
What is the developmental landmark for 5 months?
Rolls from back to front
What is the developmental landmark for 8-9 months?
Uses pincher grasp to feel self
What is the developmental landmark for 10 months?
Pulls self to standing position
What is the developmental landmark for 11-12 months?
Initiates focalization
What is the developmental landmark for 12-15 months?
Walks
What is the developmental landmark for 15 months?
Drinks from a cup
What is the developmental landmark for 18 months?
Mimics household chores
At what age is an infants retinas fully developed?
4 months
What is the rooting reflex?
Activated by the angle of the lips or cheek being slightly stroked, helps the infant locate food sources. It will turn its head to the side being stroked and open its lips
What is the sucking reflex?
Happens when an object is inserted into infants mouth.
By 6 months, females respond to visual stimulation with longer attention spans and are more socially responsive than boys?
True
What is a risk for child abuse?
Being the wrong sex (parents want boy, end up with girl. Parents want girl, end up with boy)
Types of reflexes in infants
Rooting Sucking Gasping Yawning Coughing Sneezing Hiccoughing
Nutrition is all about milk (breast or formula)
True
Milk will provide every nutrient needed for the first year of life?
True
How much of an infants body is made of water?
75%
How much protein do infants need?
9g 0-6 months
11g 6-12 months
How many carbs are needed for infants?
60g 0-6 months
95g 7-12 months
How much fat is needed for a babies died?
31g 0-6 months
30g 6-12 months
High risk infants need how much Vitamin D a day
65mcg/ day for 0-6 months
80mcg/day for 6-12 months
Especially dark skinned and breastfed infants
Is breast best?
Yes
How long should you breastfeed?
Min 6 months. Should continue for 1st year and as long there after if desired for mother and child.
At what age should you introduce solid food?
4-6 months
What must the infant be able to do before eating solids?
Sit with support
Have good head and neck support
Show interest in food
Turn away when not hungry
What order should goods be introduced?
Cereal (particularly rice cereal)
fruits : peaches, pears, applesauce
veggies : yellow veggies before green
meat : strained meat like lamb or veal
Foods to avoid for infants younger than 12 months
Cows milk
Choking foods: grapes, nuts, raw carrots, candy
Honey
What is weaning?
Gradual process that introduces the child to a cup and replaces the bottle or breast.
What is the infantile extrusion reflex?
the tongue pushing out any material that is not associated with sucking.
*this reflex must be absent in order to begin weaning
By not using a bottle as a pacifier at bed time parents can avoid baby-bottle tooth decay
True
What is baby- bottle tooth decay
All of upper teeth and some of the lower posterior teeth begin to demineralization until they decay.
Bowel elimination is usually involuntary until age 14-18 months
True
How many times a day should an infant urinate in the first months of life?
6-12
And is involuntary until age 2
