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Human Development & Health Promotions > Week 3- Infant > Flashcards

Week 3- Infant Flashcards

1
Q

Infants are the most vulnerable and dependent member of society?

A

True

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2
Q

What age group are infants?

A

Birth - 18 months

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3
Q

What is the oral stage of development?

A

Physical task of breathing, sucking, eating, digesting, eliminating and sleeping

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4
Q

What type of external stimulants should be used for this age?

A

Auditory and visual stimuli

Ex:
Colourful mobiles
Radio
Spoken voice
Toys : sense of touch
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5
Q

Who does the infant build trust for first?

A

Mother, then other significant people

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6
Q

If an infants meets are not met appropriately they will grow up with a sense of mistrust?

A

True

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7
Q

How does the infant learn to trust the caretaker and view the world as a safe, secure place where they can be trusting, cooperative and helpful towards others?

A

Consistent responsiveness from the caregiver to meet the physical and psychological needs of the infant

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8
Q

What is the difference between neonate and infant?

A 
Neonate = 1st month of life
Infant = 1 month - 1 year
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9
Q

How much do babies weight at birth?

A

3.2 - 3.8 kg

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10
Q

What happens to a babies weight by 6 months?

A

It doubles

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11
Q

What happens to a babies weight by 1 year?

A

It triples

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12
Q

What is the length of a baby at birth?

A

50-52cm

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13
Q

How much smaller is the chest than the head at birth?

A

2.5cm

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14
Q

At what age is the chest and head circumference the same size?

A

9 months

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15
Q

At what age is the chest circumference larger than the head?

A

1 year

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16
Q

At what age does the posterior frontanel close?

A

2 months

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17
Q

At what age does the anterior Frontenal close?

A

12-18 months

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18
Q

When are iron supplements required for infants?

A

After 6 months

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19
Q

Developmental landmark for 1 month

A

Lifts head when prone (laying on tummy)

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20
Q

What is the developmental landmark for 2 months?

A

Has a social smile

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21
Q

What is the developmental landmark for 4 months?

A

Squeals

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22
Q

What is the developmental landmark for 5 months?

A

Rolls from back to front

23
Q

What is the developmental landmark for 8-9 months?

A

Uses pincher grasp to feel self

24
Q

What is the developmental landmark for 10 months?

A

Pulls self to standing position

25
Q

What is the developmental landmark for 11-12 months?

A

Initiates focalization

26
Q

What is the developmental landmark for 12-15 months?

A

Walks

27
Q

What is the developmental landmark for 15 months?

A

Drinks from a cup

28
Q

What is the developmental landmark for 18 months?

A

Mimics household chores

29
Q

At what age is an infants retinas fully developed?

A

4 months

30
Q

What is the rooting reflex?

A

Activated by the angle of the lips or cheek being slightly stroked, helps the infant locate food sources. It will turn its head to the side being stroked and open its lips

31
Q

What is the sucking reflex?

A

Happens when an object is inserted into infants mouth.

32
Q

By 6 months, females respond to visual stimulation with longer attention spans and are more socially responsive than boys?

A

True

33
Q

What is a risk for child abuse?

A

Being the wrong sex (parents want boy, end up with girl. Parents want girl, end up with boy)

34
Q

Types of reflexes in infants

A 
Rooting 
Sucking
Gasping
Yawning 
Coughing
Sneezing
Hiccoughing
35
Q

Nutrition is all about milk (breast or formula)

A

True

36
Q

Milk will provide every nutrient needed for the first year of life?

A

True

37
Q

How much of an infants body is made of water?

A

75%

38
Q

How much protein do infants need?

A

9g 0-6 months

11g 6-12 months

39
Q

How many carbs are needed for infants?

A

60g 0-6 months

95g 7-12 months

40
Q

How much fat is needed for a babies died?

A

31g 0-6 months

30g 6-12 months

41
Q

High risk infants need how much Vitamin D a day

A

65mcg/ day for 0-6 months
80mcg/day for 6-12 months

Especially dark skinned and breastfed infants

42
Q

Is breast best?

A

Yes

43
Q

How long should you breastfeed?

A

Min 6 months. Should continue for 1st year and as long there after if desired for mother and child.

44
Q

At what age should you introduce solid food?

A

4-6 months

45
Q

What must the infant be able to do before eating solids?

A

Sit with support
Have good head and neck support
Show interest in food
Turn away when not hungry

46
Q

What order should goods be introduced?

A

Cereal (particularly rice cereal)
fruits : peaches, pears, applesauce
veggies : yellow veggies before green
meat : strained meat like lamb or veal

47
Q

Foods to avoid for infants younger than 12 months

A

Cows milk
Choking foods: grapes, nuts, raw carrots, candy
Honey

48
Q

What is weaning?

A

Gradual process that introduces the child to a cup and replaces the bottle or breast.

49
Q

What is the infantile extrusion reflex?

A

the tongue pushing out any material that is not associated with sucking.
*this reflex must be absent in order to begin weaning

50
Q

By not using a bottle as a pacifier at bed time parents can avoid baby-bottle tooth decay

A

True

51
Q

What is baby- bottle tooth decay

A

All of upper teeth and some of the lower posterior teeth begin to demineralization until they decay.

52
Q

Bowel elimination is usually involuntary until age 14-18 months

A

True

53
Q

How many times a day should an infant urinate in the first months of life?

A

6-12

And is involuntary until age 2

Human Development & Health Promotions (4 decks)

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