Week 3: ENT 1 (otoscopic findings) Flashcards
1
Q
otoscopy technique
A
2
Q
Normal auditory canal
A
- Some hair
- Often with yellow to brown
- Cerumen
3
Q
Normal tympanic membrane
A
- Pinkish grey (pearly grey) in color, translucent and in neutral position
- Malleus lies in oblique position behind the upper part of the drum
- Mobile with air inflation
4
Q
colour
A
- A healthy TM should appear pearly grey and translucent.
- Erythema suggests inflammation of the TM which can occur in conditions such as acute otitis media.
5
Q
shape of the TM
A
- A healthy TM should appear relatively flat.
- Bulging of the TM suggests increased middle ear pressure
-
Retraction of the TM suggests reduced middle ear pressure
- pharyngotympanic tube dysfunction secondary to upper respiratory tract infections and allergies.
6
Q
Light reflex
A
- If a TM is healthy, the cone-shaped reflection of light should appear in the anterior inferior quadrant.
- In the left ear, the light reflex should be positioned at approximately 7 o’clock to 8 o’clock.
- In the right ear, the light reflex should be positioned at approximately 4 o’clock to 5 o’clock.
- Absence or distortion of the light reflex is associated with otitis media (due to bulging of the TM).
7
Q
Perforations
A
- Size and position
- Cause: infection, trauma, cholesteatoma (superior part of TM), tympanostomy tube insertion
8
Q
scarring
A
- Scarring of the TM is known as tympanosclerosis and can result in significant conductive hearing loss if it is extensive.
- Tympanosclerosis often develops secondary to otitis media or after the insertion of a tympanostomy tube.
9
Q
diagnose
A
cholesteatoma
10
Q
diagnose
A
Chronic suppurative otitis media
11
Q
diagnose
A
External auditory canal bleeding
12
Q
diagnose
A
Impacted cerumen
13
Q
diagnose
A
Otitis media with effusion
14
Q
diagnose
A
Tympanic membrane calcification
15
Q
diagnose
A
otitis externa
