Week 3 Ch 9, 13 &17

Question 1

What are inferences?

Answer 1

When you use one example or case to make further conclusions. It is the moving of certain facts to conclusions, it is like generalizing something.

Question 2

What do good generalizations include?

Answer 2

1) rests on specific and clear examples
2) rests on many examples
3) rests on representative examples (a good sample of examples with full backgrounds)

Question 3

What makes a good comparison?

Answer 3

1) cites as a comparison a clear case about which true claims are made
2) cites as a comparison a relevantly similar case ( that is the cases that are compared must be as similar as possible in ways that matter to the conclusion)

Question 4

A good argument from correlation to cause:

Answer 4

1) cites accurate correlations
2) explains how the (proposed) cause leads to the (proposed) effect
3) argues that the proposed cause-effect relationship is the best explanation of the correlation

Question 5

What must you have to formulate a proper definition?

Answer 5

1) includes all the things that the term clearly fits
2) excludes all the things that the term clearly does not fit
3) draws the plainest possible line in between
4) explains why the line belongs there and not somewhere else

Question 6

Creative Explorations include:

Answer 6

1) getting a fuller picture
2) watching for suggestive facts
3) getting help
4) comparing and contrasting

Question 7

How to make the best brainstorming?

Answer 7

1) spark off of ideas
2) having wild ideas are okay
3) state ideas briefly
4) aim for quantity not quality

Question 8

What is invite exotic associations?

Answer 8

“inviting” any type of information to a provocation

Question 9

What is a reversal?

Answer 9

a reversal is when you take a saying or way of thinking and switch the outcomes

Question 10

What does it mean to exaggerate?

Answer 10

to take a sentence and go “overboard” with a way of thinking

Question 11

What is the intermediate impossible?

Answer 11

taking an unrealistic ideal outcome and working it backwards into a realistic outcome

Question 12

How to become a change maker?

Answer 12

1) find your own way ( you must be the change you wish to see in the world)
2) keep at it
3) aim high
4) use your creativity
5) stay open to complexity

Question 13

How to join a change-making community:

Answer 13

1) find a place
2) show up
3) bring your whole toolbox
4) don’t polarize-connect

Question 14

What methods do you use to take a creative problem solving approach?

Answer 14

1) Get a fuller picture (get a lot of information on the topic)
2) Watch for suggestive facts (those that open new ways of approaching a problem)
3) Get help (ask others to get new ideas and perspectives, compare and contrast)

Question 15

4 Creative Provocations:

Answer 15

1) invite exotic associations (thinking outside of the filtered box)
2) Compare and Contrast (explore how the same problem is treated in other places & time)
3) Reversal
4) exaggeration
5) Intermediate Impoossible

Question 16

What is a reversal?

Answer 16

When you reverse certain features in your problem to come up with new sides

Question 17

What is an exaggeration?

Answer 17

Taking an idea or topic and being “dramatic” about it to find other points

Question 18

What is intermediate impossible?

Answer 18

start with “ideal” solutions and work toward realism

Question 19

How to find facts and sources?

Answer 19

1) First figure out what is at stake (clarifying the underlying factual questions in pressing moral issues)
2) Get the facts
3) Interpreting the data
4) go to the course

Question 20

What are inferences?

Answer 20

Inferences are when we move from certain facts to further conclusions; it is okay to draw generalizations

Question 21

What does a good generalization consist of?

Answer 21

1) rest of specific and clear examples
2) rest on many examples
3) rests on representative examples that offer enough background information

Question 22

A good Comparison:

Answer 22

1) cites as a comparison a clear case about which true claims are made
2) Cites as a comparison a relevantly similar case

Question 23

A good argument from correlation to cause:

Answer 23

1) cites accurate correlations
2) explains how the (proposed) cause leads to the (proposed) effect
3) argues that the proposed cause-effect relationship is the best explanation of the correlation

Question 24

When forming a definition you should:

Answer 24

1) include all the tings that the term clearly fits
2) exclude all the things that the term clearly doe snot fit
30 Draws the plainest possible line in between
4) explains why the line belongs there and not somewhere else