Week 3: Are you what you eat?

Question 1

Enzyme

Answer 1

A protein catalyst, that increases the speed of chemical reactions happening within the body

Question 2

Peristalsis

Answer 2

Waves of smooth muscle contraction and relaxation along the digestive tract

Question 3

Mediastinum

Answer 3

The central tissue area that divides the thoracic cavity into a left and right half, the mediastinum contains the heart, trachea, oesophagus and thymus

Question 4

Oesophagus

Answer 4

Part of the digestive tube, that connects the pharynx (or throat) to the stomach

Question 5

Epiglottis

Answer 5

A piece of cartilage that closes over the larynx and thus prevents food entering trachea when swallowing

Question 6

Uvula

Answer 6

Part of the soft palate, that prevents food entering the nasal cavity when swallowing

Question 7

Stomach

Answer 7

Part of the digestive tract that enables storage and mixing of food

Question 8

Appendix

Answer 8

A small tube connected to the large intestine, it is a redundant part of the digestive system

Question 9

Mastication

Answer 9

The process of chewing food in the mouth

Question 10

Chyme

Answer 10

A food bolus churns in the stomach and mixes with various secretions becoming a liquid chyme

Question 11

Intestines

Answer 11

Part of the digestive tract, intestines can refer to the small intestine where large amounts of digestion and absorption occur, or the large intestine where chyme is converted to faeces

Question 12

Nutrition

Answer 12

The selection and preparation of food for consumption by the body, in order to provide essential nutrients to body cells

Question 13

Abdominopelvic region

Answer 13

The abdominopelvic cavity is divided into 9 localised regions

Question 14

Abdominopelvic quadrant

Answer 14

The abdominopelvic cavity is divided into 4 localised quadrants

Question 15

Protein

Answer 15

A macromolecule consisting of many amino acids. Proteins have many different functions within the body

Question 16

Carbohydrate

Answer 16

A macromolecule consisting of many monosaccharides (or sugars)

Question 17

Lipid

Answer 17

An energy dense macromolecule consisting of glycerol and fatty acids