Week 3: Adaptations Flashcards
What does the DNA in an organism’s DNA do?
Makes up its genetic structure and form structures called chromosomes (chromies yay)
What do chromosomes contain?
genes that code for all the characteristics of an organism
What is an adaptation?
characteristic or feature of an organism that will help it survive in its particular environment
What organisms share general adaptations regardless of habitat/environment?
those of the same taxonomic class
Why adapt?
to be able to acquire stable and adequate resources that will greaten their chances of survival and reproduction
Behavioural adaptations?
The behaviour exhibited by an organism that increases its chances of survival
Physiological/functional adaptations?
metabolic processes occurring within an organism to increase their chances of survival and reproduction
Structural adaptation
physical characteristic an organism possesses which increases its chance of survival
Behavioral adaptations include?
learning communication migration to new habitats hunting behaviors huddling courtship displays and reproductive strategies formation of symbiotic relationships nocturnal or not (alter in times of activity)
Behavioural adaptations of plants to survive and reproduce in harsh conditions include?
ability to grow without soil (air plants) and obtain water+nutrients from on surface which they grow
use of removable appendages (tumbleweeds) to relocate to areas with more suitable conditions
ability to climb up other trees for more sunlight for growth
what do physiological adaptations of animals allow them to do?
regulate internal environment
Example of a synthesis of a chemical compound used to defend an organism from predators and attack/kill prey include
snakes release venom, skunks, and beetles releasing a bad smell
Plants that live in dry environments (xerophytes) can obtain CO2 without losing water by what means
Opening stomata at night instead of day
Photosynthetic cells with enzymes turning CO2 into a storage molecule in the vacuole at night which the molecule can then be broken down with the Co2 used when light is present
Animals adaptations part of their morphology (physical make up) are structural adaptations and include
hair in ears and eyelashes to prevent debris from getting into ears and eyes
fur or hair to prevent heat loss
wings to usually allow for flight
strong beaks to break seeds etc
large ears increasing surface area and allowing animals to cool down
streamlined shaped in order to reduce resistance from air or water
Plants structural adaptations include
thick bark to store water and reduce water loss when water is scarce
thick waxy cuticle on leaves and stomata to prevent water loss through evapotranspiration
large flat leaves to increase surface area and absorb light
Leaves or flowers forming cups, pitchers, or traps to catch insects as it provides them with nutrients they can’t obtain from their natural environment
