Week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is considered the distal environment of a child?

A

Neighborhood/community

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2
Q

What is considered the proximal environment of a child?

A

Family, home, caregivers, culture

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3
Q

In a young child the ___ environment is the most important to them and they get older the ____ environment becomes much more influential

A

In a young child the proximal environment is the most important to them and they get older the distal environment becomes much more influential

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4
Q

What are some of the family factors that influence intervention?

A
  • Family structure
  • Family function
  • Family resources
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5
Q

What are the aspects of the family structure that we pay attention to?

A
  • Caregiving family
  • Household composition
  • Interactions between members of the family and with the child
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6
Q

What does the term family function refer to?

A

The family’s ability to conduct and accomplish everyday activities across situation/ carry out day to day routines

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7
Q

What are the aspects of the family function that we pay attention to?

A
  • Family routines
  • Parenting behavior & childrearing beliefs
  • Parent-child interactions
  • Culture
  • Parenting stress/coping
  • Caregiver health
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8
Q

What are the aspects of the family resources that we pay attention to?

A
  • Socioeconomic status: pt’s with low status tend to have the need for more services
  • Informal & formal support
  • Home environment
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9
Q

What is family centered care?

A

Family-centered care is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs & their families. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique; that the family is the constant in the child’s life; and that they are the experts on the child’s abilities and needs. The family works with service providers to make informed
decisions about the services & supports the child and family receive. In family-centered service, the strengths & needs of all family members are considered

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10
Q

What are the key elements of family centered care?

A

• Recognize the family as a constant in a child’s life
• Facilitate family-to-family networking
• Promote parent-professional collaboration
• Incorporate developmental needs of children into health care in the context of the family routine
• Implement programs & policies that provide emotional and financial support to meet the
needs of the family
• Honor diversity (racial, cultural, socioeconomic, ethnic)
• Design health care services that are accessible, flexible, and responsive to the family’s needs

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11
Q

What are the goals of family centered care?

A
  • Enhance growth/development of the child
  • Support the child
  • Support the family
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12
Q

What part of the IDEA are we as PTs more concerned about when treating children?

A

Parts B and C

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13
Q

What does IDEA part B offer?

A
  • Free and appropriate public education (FAPE) for children age 3-21 years (special ED)
  • Least restrictive environment (LRE): to the maximum extent appropriate, children with disabilities should be educated with children who are not disabled as much as possible
  • Related services: PT and other services should be provided for children that with disabilities
  • Assistive technology that will maintain or improve functional capabilities
  • Individualized education program (IEP)
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14
Q

Besides PT, what are some other related services offered in the IDEA part B?

A
  • Transportation
  • Speech
  • Audiology
  • Psychology
  • OT
  • Recreational, medical, and counseling services
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15
Q

How do we determine a child’s eligibility for IDEA part B services?

A

We do an evaluation

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16
Q

What are the components of an evaluation according to the IDEA?

A

• Multidisciplinary
• Done in natural enviornments
• Conducted to “assist in determining whether a
child is a child with a disability”

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17
Q

What are the disabilities defined for the IDEA as eligible for services?

A
• Autism
• Deaf-blind
• Deaf
• Developmental delay
• Emotional disturbance
• Hearing impaired
• Mental retardation
• Multiple disabilities
• Orthopedic impairment
• Other health impairment
• Specific learning impairment
• Speech & language
impairment
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18
Q

Once a child has been recognized to be eligible for IDEA services, where are these services documented?

A

Individualized educational

program (IEP)

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19
Q

What are the characteristics of the Individualized educational
program (IEP)?

A
  • Developed by the team

* Reviewed & rewritten yearly at minimum

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20
Q

What does the Individualized educational program (IEP) include?

A
  • Present level of performance
  • Annual goals
  • Description of how progress will be measured
  • Statement of special ed & related services to be provided
  • Transition plan (age 16 and up)
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21
Q

Once the IEP is developed, what is the PT’s contribution to it?

A
  • Must relate to educational needs & be “required to assist a child with a disability to benefit from special education”. services must be educationally relevant
  • Measurable annual academic/functional goals
  • Short-term objectives
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22
Q

What are the model of service delivery for pediatric patients?

A
  • Direct
  • Integrated
  • Consultative
  • Monitoring
  • Collaborative
23
Q

What is considered as a direct mode of service delivery?

A

Very one on one services/ pull out from group for individualized care. not desirable, due to wanting more integrative care

24
Q

What are the most commonly seen frequency/intensity of service delivery for a child?

A
  • Intensive (3+ times/week)
  • weekly or every other week
  • periodic (monthly or less)
  • consultative/as needed
25
Q

What are the thing that we need to consider when deciding on the frequency/intensity of service delivery for a child?

A
  • Potential to benefit from intervention
  • Is it a critical period of skill progression or regression
  • Consider the amount of the motor program that can be safely performed by others
  • Consider the amount of training that has been provided by the PT to others carrying out the program
  • The impact of motor problems in the environment and the educational program
26
Q

What are the aspects of intervention for pediatrics under the IDEA?

A
  • Coordination, communication, and documentation
  • Child- and family/teacher/staff-related instruction
  • Procedural interventions
27
Q

If a child does not qualify for services under the IDEA part B, they may qualify for Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. What does this do?

A

Establishes eligibility for related services for “qualified handicapped persons,” even if the child does not qualify for special education services

28
Q

What are the IDEA part C services?

A

Early intervention services for eligible infants and toddlers, birth to 3 years of age, and their
families and focuses on the development of the child. These services have to be performed in a child’s natural environment

29
Q

What does the evaluation under IDEA part C include?

A
  • Comprehensive, multidisciplinary
  • Used to determine eligibility
  • May be conducted by a separate evaluation team
30
Q

What is the determination criteria for the eligibility of IDEA part C services?

A
Developmental delay or disability (or diagnosed physical or mental condition with a high probability of resulting in developmental delay) in one or more of the following areas of development:
• physical
• cognitive
• communication
• social or emotional
• adaptive

varies by state

31
Q

Once a child has been deemed eligible for IDEA part C services, an Individualized family service plan (IFSP) is made. What are the characteristics of it?

A
  • Developed by the team

* Reviewed every 6 months, rewritten yearly

32
Q

What does the Individualized family service plan (IFSP) include?

A
  • Present level of development
  • Family resources, priorities, & concerns
  • Measurable outcomes determined by the family
  • Statement of early intervention services
  • Natural environments
  • Transition plan to IDEA part B
33
Q

What is the PT’s contribution to the individualized family service plan (IFSP)?

A
  • Must be family-directed
  • Recommendations must be consistent with information obtained in family interview, focus on strengths, use lay language, and be flexible
34
Q

What are the characteristics of the interventions under the IDEA part C?

A
  • Interventions must support family outcomes
  • Should be routines-based
  • May address play, socialization, caregiving and selfcare, environmental adaptations, assistive technology
  • Should balance adult-directed learning opportunity (family/caregiver education) and child-directed activity
35
Q

The Individualized family service plan (IFSP) is developed based on ___

A

The Individualized family service plan (IFSP) is developed based on family needs, priorities and resources

36
Q

Around what age, does transition from part C to part B in the IDEA services?

A

• At age 2 1/2, the Part B program holds an initial IEP meeting which includes Part C
representatives
• Child transitions to Part B program on his third birthday

37
Q

Who regulates medical services?

A

Regulated by health care

law & insurance policies

38
Q

Who regulates educational services?

A

Regulated by education

law (IDEA)

39
Q

What is the purpose of therapy in medical services?

A

Therapy provided to assist the
child to be as functionally
independent as possible

40
Q

What is the purpose of therapy in educational services?

A

Therapy is provided to assist a
child to benefit from special
education

41
Q

What is the philosophy behind the implementation of medical services?

A

Medically necessary

42
Q

What is the philosophy behind the implementation of educational services?

A

Educationally relevant

43
Q

What is the eligibility criteria of medical services?

A

Any child may receive services

44
Q

What is the eligibility criteria of educational services?

A

Children must have an
educational disability &
demonstrate a need

45
Q

What is the age range for patients under the IDEA part B service?

A

3-21

46
Q

What is the age range for patients under the IDEA part C service?

A

Birth-3

47
Q

What is the eligibility criteria for patients under IDEA part B?

A

Categories of disability defined by federal law

48
Q

What is the eligibility criteria for patients under IDEA part C?

A

Varies by state

49
Q

What is the documentation used under IDEA part B?

A

IEP

50
Q

What is the documentation used under IDEA part C?

A

IFSP

51
Q

What is the parameter for determining outcomes and interventions under the IDEA part B?

A

Has to be educationally relevant

52
Q

What is the parameter for determining outcomes and interventions under the IDEA part C?

A

Has to be family-centered

53
Q

What is the role of PT under the IDEA part B?

A

It is a related service

54
Q

What is the role of PT under the IDEA part C?

A

It is a primary service